Short-term Changes in Cadmium in Feces, Blood and Urine after Dietary Cadmium Intake in Young Japanese Females

Diet and smoking are the major routes of cadmium (Cd) intakel). In Japanese populations, dietary Cd intake is higher than in other countries, for example, China2) Finland3), Germany4), Malaysia5) and Sweden6). In determining a tolerable daily/weekly intake of Cd from foods and beverages, the rate of absorption of Cd from the digestive organs is a crucial factor, but it remains controversial. To design a human volunteer experiment for assessing the absorption rate, a preliminary experiment was performed to clarify short-term intake-output balance of Cd and to estimate better biological monitoring parameters for Cd absorption.