Numerical Simulation on Dynamic Cushion Properties of Spruce Wood in Three Kinds of Impact Directions

Numerical simulation on container cushion behavior in three impact loading directions is implemented in the present work. The results show that the energy absorption abilities are different in axial, radial and tangential loading directions. For certain deformation condition, energy absorption in axial loading is the most. And energy absorption abilities along radial and tangential loading are nearly equal. For certain energy absorption quantity, the deformation in axial loading is the least and the deformations in radial and tangential loading are larger. It can be concluded that wood grain should be perpendicular to protected object for low velocity, small energy absorption case. And wood radial or tangential direction should be perpendicular to protected object for high velocity, large energy absorption case.