Pheno-physiological revelation of grapes germplasm grown in Faisalabad, Pakistan

Seven grape varieties ('Black Prince', 'Gold', 'Dehkani', 'Cardinal', 'Shamas Guru', 'King's Early' & 'Anab-e-Shahi') were evaluated for their pheno-physiological characteristics grown under the agro-climatic conditions of Faisalabad. 'Anab-e-Shahi', 'King's Early', 'Dehkani' and 'Cardinal' were observed as late maturing varieties and thus become un-suitable for cultivation in Punjab due to early occurrence of monsoon rains. The varieties 'Black Prince', 'Dehkani' and 'Shamas Guru' exhibited early fruit maturity and ripening. The vines of 'Black Prince' acquired minimum days from bud sprout to ripening (77 days) as compared to all other varieties. Berries of variety 'Shamas Guru' exhibited highest weight (4.5 g) followed by 'Black Prince' (2.86 g) and 'Gold' (2.5 g). 'Anab-e-Shahi' produced highest bunch weight (490.12 g) and yield (14.9 kg per vine) as compared to all other varieties. Maximum number of bunches per vine were exhibited by 'Gold' (41) and minimum in 'Cardinal' (24). The berries of 'Black Prince' exhibited highest soluble solids concentration (SSC) (23.5%), SSC: titratable acidity (TA) ratio (99.3) and lowest TA (0.24%) as compared to all other varieties. The varieties 'Cardinal' and 'Shamas Guru' produced barries with maximum amount of ascorbic acid (23.3 mg 100 g-1) and total sugars (13.83%), respectively. 'Black Prince' being early maturing variety with large berry size, loose bunch and better SSC: TA ratio is a potential table-grape variety to be cultivated under the agro-climatic conditions of Faisalabad.