Introduction to Cognitive Computing

Cognitive computing (CC) is an evolving area in the current artificial intelligence (AI) domain. It mainly involves mimicking human intelligence, such as understanding a situation and giving the correct reaction. It also mimics human sense organs by way of collecting information from its surroundings. Humans collect data through their senses, process them, and give reactions based on previous experience, so a primary part of cognitive computing is collecting and processing data. This is cognitive computing, a branch used to make decisions with the assistance of humans. Humans cannot store more data than that. High-speed processing of data is also not possible. So, based on the application, CC will collect structured and unstructured data from connected devices, process them with its high computing power, and provide high-quality decisions such as diagnosing, predicting, and specifying. The main objective of IoT is to improve the performance of the IoT in terms of its intelligence using cognitive computing technology. Cognitive analytics combines both data analytics and visual analytics to make the system fully automatic, and it removes the human from the loop. It has more analytical techniques to analyse large amounts of data. It converts unstructured and semi-structured data into structured data. It deals with both high-level and low-level feature extraction to make the system accurate. This chapter is organized in a way that is ideal for gaining a thorough understanding of cognitive computing. It starts with a deep introduction with an overview of data science and cognitive science. This is followed by technologies developed in this field and examples of their applications. Pattern recognition techniques are one example of reasoning in cognitive computing. The main objective of CIoT is to improve the performance of the IoT in terms of its intelligence using cognitive computing technology. Big data analysis in association with cognitive computing tries to mimic the big data thinking of the human brain. The cognitive computing system analyses massive volumes of data in real time to respond to particular questions and provide intelligent recommendations. Humans collect data through their senses, process them, and give reactions based on previous experience, so a primary part of cognitive computing is collecting and processing data. Researchers understand that this intelligence of the human brain is attained from various interrelated processes such as langua