Preparation, Characterization, and Applications of Polymer Nanocomposite Films and Fabrics with In Situ Generated Metal Nanoparticles by Bioreduction Method

Polymer nanocomposite films and fabrics are finding innumerable applications in the fields of antibacterial packaging and medical materials. In this chapter, the preparation and characterization of cellulose-based nanocomposite films with in situ generated silver and copper nano particles using the leaf extract of traditional medicinal plant Ocimum sanctum are presented. The preparation and properties of cellulose nanocomposite fabrics by single-step thermally assisted (hydrothermal) process and wound dressing nanocomposite bandage cloth with in situ generated silver and copper nanoparticles are also presented in this chapter. The developed nanocomposite films and fabrics were characterized by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and antibacterial tests. The prepared biodegradable cellulose nanocomposite films showed good antibacterial activity and can be considered antibacterial packaging materials. Furthermore, the nanocomposite cotton fabrics possessing significant antibacterial properties can be used as wound cleaning and dressing materials, bed materials, apparel, household furnishings, etc.