Importance of a Unified Model of High-Temperature Material Behavior

The ice age and deglacierization or melting of glaciers and ice sheets, persisting on Earth's surface, played a pivoting role in shaping our lives and materials development. High‐temperature technology was extended to the development of manufacturing tools for hunting and gathering from using tin and copper to making articles of bronze and then of iron and steel. The Hall–Petch relation for strength giving preference to fine‐grained materials at low homologous temperatures is not applicable at elevated temperatures; large‐grained materials are used at high temperatures. Viscous molten rocks or magma at extremely high temperatures at great depths Earth's surface could be similar in behavior to ice‐rich water on Earth's crust. Strain relaxation and recovery tests is a novel approach to the way in which creep and creep‐rupture properties are measured and have been measured for a great many years.