Determination of Heavy Metal Ions From Water

Contaminated water is a potential threat to life as it transmits various bacterial waterborne disease due to presence of surplus of heavy metal ions (e.g., As +2 , Cd +2 , Cr +2 , Cu +2 , Hg +2 , Pb +2 , Mn +2 , Zn +2 , and many more). Maximum metal ions are perilous and cause severe health apprehensions by generating free radicals and rupturing normal functioning of the body. Consequently, a crucial need to detect these culprit metal ions in water reservoir is a crucial mandate. Clamouring for safe and uncontaminated drinking water stimulated researchers to devise and design new methods to accurately determine heavy metal ions in water. This article enlightens various imperative techniques like biosensors, nanotechnology, surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS), high‐resolution surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy (HSPRS), ultrasound‐assisted dispersive liquid‐liquid microextraction (DLLME), anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV), atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS), hydrogels, chelating agents, and ionic liquids, for the detection of heavy metals in waste water samples.