Impact of Stress Factors on Plants for Enhancing Biomass Generations Towards Biofuels

Global warming and overpopulation are two thresholds of the last few decades that bring a challenge to all living beings on this earth. Global warming welcomes devastation in this earth initially by creating environmental stress conditions both biotic and abiotic levels. These environmental stressors affect on plant’s growth and yield by single, multiple individually or by combined. All these can bring modification at the epigenetic level. On the contrary, overpopulation demands more food and bio-fuels to maintain civilization. So it is a joint venture of all expert namely plant physiologist, plant pathologist, molecular biologist, synthetic biologist, metabolic engineers, and genetic engineers can mitigate the burning issues doing work together at the level of plant-microbe interactions, regulation on plant cell wall biosynthesis, plant phytohormone levels, plant metabolism, etc. The latest advancements in genetic engineering, plant cellular biology, and molecular biology enable us to detect complex signaling networks of plant growth and development. By using this knowledge we can exploit it in the field of biomass production of plant namely by plant-microbe interaction, by regulating cell wall biosynthesis or by manipulating phytohormones level under abiotic and biotic stress conditions. To this end, current book chapter we will try to high light an update on recent 314studies focusing on how to improve biomass production in plants under abiotic stress condition as well as positive interaction of multiple stresses condition. Genetic engineering can invent a transcriptional circuit to prepare transgenic plants that have been genetically engineered having new characteristics to endure any kind of adverse climatic condition. These kinds of transgenic plants are designed with a view to tolerate stress and enhance biomass production. At the same time, we will focus on the kind of transgenic plant in which the antioxidant defense mechanism is involved for scavenging of ROS (reactive oxygen species) and H2O2 from the cell compartment which are the effect of environmental stressors by SOD, CAT, APX, and GPX. Finally, the current chapter will briefly summarize the transformation of these plant biomass towards biofuels generations. Global warming and overpopulation are two thresholds of the last few decades that bring a challenge to all living beings on this earth. Global warming welcomes devastation in this earth initially by creating environmental stress conditi