Human–Machine Interface Design for Fitness-Impaired Populations

Improvements in driver state monitoring technology will have important implications for human–machine interface (HMI) design in automated vehicles. Vehicles will be able to use driver state information to dynamically adjust the relationship between automation and the human operator. This concept is referred to as adaptive automation. This chapter considers the application of adaptive automation in the context of driver impairment. First, we introduce the topic of adaptive automation and the important questions that must be addressed by an HMI designer. This discussion is then extended to adaptive vehicle automation in the context of driver impairment, specifically distraction, drowsiness, and drugs and alcohol. This chapter provides a framework for the implementation of adaptive interfaces in the automated vehicle, which hinges on understanding the interaction between the nature and degree of driver impairment and the capabilities of vehicle automation.