Stakeholder Conflicts and Solutions across Political Scales: The Ibiraquera Lagoon, Brazil

Coastal resources are often managed by more than one agency (e.g. different branches of the government, private, and community organisations) at different political scales (local, municipal, state, national, and international) and in distinct sectors of an economy (e.g. fisheries, tourism, urban development, maritime transportation, and oil drilling). For instance, fisheries departments at any governmental level usually deal with regulations concerning only access to, and use of, fish stocks. Little attention is given to the fact that fishing areas and fishers’ livelihoods are affected by other economic activities taking place at the same time and in the same locality. This lack