Protecting Heritage Marble Stones: A Comparative Analysis of Teos, Dap and Ammonium Oxalate Based Approaches

Heritage structures, such as ancient buildings, monuments and artifacts are important cultural treasures that provide a glimpse into our rich history and cultural heritage. They represent our past, and their conservation is crucial to preserve our cultural identity for future generations. This paper focuses on safeguarding heritage structures by addressing key challenges in marble stone conservation. We have investigated the potential impact arising from simulated accelerated salt weathering, scrutinized the corrosive outcomes of artificially induced accelerated acid tests, and analysed the consequences of heat attacks on the marble stones. These findings underscore the need for stone-specific conservation strategies. Further the study investigates the effectiveness of basically three distinct consolidative compounds—Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP), and ammonium oxalate solutions, and further the efficacy is assessed through integration of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and petrography studies to comprehensively evaluate the impact of these compounds on marble structures. The insights gained hold practical implications for heritage preservation practices, with identified areas for future exploration.