Nanotechnology and Water: Emerging Solutions for a Global Crisis

Nanotechnology, a rapidly emerging field, holds immense potential in addressing one of the most pressing global challenges of our time—the water crisis. With the world's population steadily increasing and climate change exacerbating water scarcity, traditional water treatment methods are proving inadequate. This chapter “Nanotechnology and water (Nano Water) explores the groundbreaking field of nanotechnology and its transformative role in addressing the pressing global water crisis. The chapter introduces the fundamental principles of nanotechnology and explains how materials at the nanoscale exhibit unique properties that can be applied for producing clean water. The usefulness of nanoparticle-based filtration set ups for eliminating a variety of pollutants from water has been explored as well as advanced water treatment processes using functionalized nanomaterials. Also, the use of nanomaterials for photocatalytic or antimicrobial functionality in neutralizing contaminants to ensure the delivery of fresh water has been discussed. This chapter, nano water addresses the challenge of freshwater scarcity and provides insight into safe desalination solutions without damage to the natural habitat. Nano water emphasizes the potential of nanotechnology in revolutionizing water treatment, making it more efficient, effective, and environmentally sustainable. The chapter also discusses the challenges and ethical implications associated with the widespread implementation of nanotechnology in water treatment and provides valuable information for researchers and industries seeking to solve the global water crisis.