A systematic review of smart eco-industrial park development: Environment policy based on the industrial area in Indonesia

This study aims to analyze the implementation of smart eco-industries based on smart energy and water management in industrial areas in Indonesia. Smart Eco-Industrial Park (EIP) is a concept of regional development through digital transformation in the management of industrial estates that encourage the creation of green industrial areas through digital technology and innovation because the current environmental management of industrial areas is still partial and less sustainable. As a result, problems such as economic inequality, technology, environmental degradation, land conversion, social inequality, and ineffective environmental management institutions still occur. This study employs a qualitative research design in conjunction with a systematic review. The data sources come from various international and national journals taken from Scopus and Google Scholar, as well as several books related to the ontology of government science, which are then processed using VOSviewer and Nvivo 12 Plus software. The results of this paper indicate that industrial estates in Indonesia are currently in the process of implementing and developing the Smart EIP concept in 11 industrial parks, namely Batamindo IP, Bintan Inti, BSBcity, Gresik, Kabil IP, KIIC, Maspion, MM2100, Modern Cikande, Safe n Lock, and Suryacipta. Technology, Information, and Communication (ICT) aids in providing information and better quality control of maintenance, or what is called Smart Water Management (SWM). The concept of "Smart" in Smart Water Management (SWM) is intended to manage the use of natural resources effectively and efficiently, including providing water of good quality standards at a very minimal cost. This chapter aims to analyze the implementation of smart eco-industries based on smart energy and water management in industrial areas in Indonesia. The characteristics of industrial estates in developing countries, including Indonesia, are the availability of natural resources, which are still abundant and subsidized by government. The Smart Eco-Industrial Parks (EIP), which utilizes sustainable development ideas, such as decreasing carbon emissions, circular economy, green industry, and halal industry, will address the G20's pressing concerns. The EIP combines the two fundamental themes, how to construct an industrial region that is environmentally conscious and can generate goods with a market advantage. Smart Water Management maximizes the use of technology, information, and co