Sulfate activation of wheat straw ash to enhance the properties of high-performance concrete with recycled aggregates and waste tire steel fibers
A sustainable alternative to conventional concrete involves using recycled aggregates (RA) instead of natural aggregates (NA) and incorporating wheat straw ash (WSA) as a partial replacement for Portland cement. The demand for high-performance concrete (HPC) is rising due to the need for architectur...
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| description | A sustainable alternative to conventional concrete involves using recycled aggregates (RA) instead of natural aggregates (NA) and incorporating wheat straw ash (WSA) as a partial replacement for Portland cement. The demand for high-performance concrete (HPC) is rising due to the need for architecturally complex structures and long-span bridges, but HPC's low ductility necessitates reinforcement. Waste tire steel fibers (WTSFs) are gaining popularity for their tensile strength. However, WSA-RA concrete's low early strength is a challenge. Chemical activators like sodium sulfate can enhance early-age strength. This study evaluated the durability and strength of fiber-reinforced concrete with both inactivated and activated WSA. Tests included compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, modulus of rupture (MOR), acid attack resistance, chloride penetration, sorptivity, and water absorption. Activated WSA-RA concrete showed significantly improved early strength. The mixture with 30% RA, 40% WSA, WTSFs, and activator exhibited the highest strength at 90 days. At 60% RA content, activated concrete with 40% WSA and 2.5% WTSFs outperformed the control. Durability was enhanced with a 14-17% reduction in water absorption and sorptivity and a 25.2% decrease in chloride penetration. Acid resistance improved by 26%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed these findings with elevated hydration product peaks. This study demonstrates that chemical activation of WSA optimizes the engineering properties of WSA-modified HPC with WTSFs and RA, providing a sustainable solution to their challenges. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0311838 |
| format | Article |
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The demand for high-performance concrete (HPC) is rising due to the need for architecturally complex structures and long-span bridges, but HPC's low ductility necessitates reinforcement. Waste tire steel fibers (WTSFs) are gaining popularity for their tensile strength. However, WSA-RA concrete's low early strength is a challenge. Chemical activators like sodium sulfate can enhance early-age strength. This study evaluated the durability and strength of fiber-reinforced concrete with both inactivated and activated WSA. Tests included compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, modulus of rupture (MOR), acid attack resistance, chloride penetration, sorptivity, and water absorption. Activated WSA-RA concrete showed significantly improved early strength. The mixture with 30% RA, 40% WSA, WTSFs, and activator exhibited the highest strength at 90 days. At 60% RA content, activated concrete with 40% WSA and 2.5% WTSFs outperformed the control. Durability was enhanced with a 14-17% reduction in water absorption and sorptivity and a 25.2% decrease in chloride penetration. Acid resistance improved by 26%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed these findings with elevated hydration product peaks. This study demonstrates that chemical activation of WSA optimizes the engineering properties of WSA-modified HPC with WTSFs and RA, providing a sustainable solution to their challenges.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311838</identifier><identifier>PMID: 39436874</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Absorption ; Acid resistance ; Aggregates ; Aggregates (Building materials) ; Analysis ; Ashes ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Bridges ; Carbon dioxide ; Carbon fibers ; Cement hydration ; Chloride resistance ; Chlorides ; Compressive Strength ; Concrete ; Concrete aggregates ; Construction ; Construction Materials - analysis ; Crack propagation ; Ductility ; Ductility tests ; Durability ; Emissions ; Fiber reinforced concretes ; Fibers ; Greenhouse gases ; Materials Testing ; Mechanical properties ; Modulus of rupture ; Penetration resistance ; Performance evaluation ; Physical Sciences ; Portland cement ; Portland cements ; Properties ; R&D ; Recycling ; Reinforced concrete ; Reinforcing steels ; Research & development ; Sodium ; Sodium sulfate ; Steel - chemistry ; Steel fibers ; Straw ; Sulfates ; Sulfates - chemistry ; Tensile Strength ; Tires ; Triticum - chemistry ; Waste management ; Water absorption ; Wheat ; Wheat straw ; X-ray diffraction</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2024-10, Vol.19 (10), p.e0311838</ispartof><rights>Copyright: © 2024 Althoey et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.</rights><rights>COPYRIGHT 2024 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2024 Althoey et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2024 Althoey et al 2024 Althoey et al</rights><rights>2024 Althoey et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. 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The demand for high-performance concrete (HPC) is rising due to the need for architecturally complex structures and long-span bridges, but HPC's low ductility necessitates reinforcement. Waste tire steel fibers (WTSFs) are gaining popularity for their tensile strength. However, WSA-RA concrete's low early strength is a challenge. Chemical activators like sodium sulfate can enhance early-age strength. This study evaluated the durability and strength of fiber-reinforced concrete with both inactivated and activated WSA. Tests included compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, modulus of rupture (MOR), acid attack resistance, chloride penetration, sorptivity, and water absorption. Activated WSA-RA concrete showed significantly improved early strength. The mixture with 30% RA, 40% WSA, WTSFs, and activator exhibited the highest strength at 90 days. At 60% RA content, activated concrete with 40% WSA and 2.5% WTSFs outperformed the control. 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This study demonstrates that chemical activation of WSA optimizes the engineering properties of WSA-modified HPC with WTSFs and RA, providing a sustainable solution to their challenges.</description><subject>Absorption</subject><subject>Acid resistance</subject><subject>Aggregates</subject><subject>Aggregates (Building materials)</subject><subject>Analysis</subject><subject>Ashes</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Bridges</subject><subject>Carbon dioxide</subject><subject>Carbon fibers</subject><subject>Cement hydration</subject><subject>Chloride resistance</subject><subject>Chlorides</subject><subject>Compressive Strength</subject><subject>Concrete</subject><subject>Concrete aggregates</subject><subject>Construction</subject><subject>Construction Materials - analysis</subject><subject>Crack propagation</subject><subject>Ductility</subject><subject>Ductility tests</subject><subject>Durability</subject><subject>Emissions</subject><subject>Fiber reinforced concretes</subject><subject>Fibers</subject><subject>Greenhouse gases</subject><subject>Materials Testing</subject><subject>Mechanical properties</subject><subject>Modulus of rupture</subject><subject>Penetration resistance</subject><subject>Performance evaluation</subject><subject>Physical Sciences</subject><subject>Portland cement</subject><subject>Portland cements</subject><subject>Properties</subject><subject>R&D</subject><subject>Recycling</subject><subject>Reinforced concrete</subject><subject>Reinforcing steels</subject><subject>Research & development</subject><subject>Sodium</subject><subject>Sodium sulfate</subject><subject>Steel - 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The demand for high-performance concrete (HPC) is rising due to the need for architecturally complex structures and long-span bridges, but HPC's low ductility necessitates reinforcement. Waste tire steel fibers (WTSFs) are gaining popularity for their tensile strength. However, WSA-RA concrete's low early strength is a challenge. Chemical activators like sodium sulfate can enhance early-age strength. This study evaluated the durability and strength of fiber-reinforced concrete with both inactivated and activated WSA. Tests included compressive strength, indirect tensile strength, modulus of rupture (MOR), acid attack resistance, chloride penetration, sorptivity, and water absorption. Activated WSA-RA concrete showed significantly improved early strength. The mixture with 30% RA, 40% WSA, WTSFs, and activator exhibited the highest strength at 90 days. At 60% RA content, activated concrete with 40% WSA and 2.5% WTSFs outperformed the control. Durability was enhanced with a 14-17% reduction in water absorption and sorptivity and a 25.2% decrease in chloride penetration. Acid resistance improved by 26%. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed these findings with elevated hydration product peaks. This study demonstrates that chemical activation of WSA optimizes the engineering properties of WSA-modified HPC with WTSFs and RA, providing a sustainable solution to their challenges.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>39436874</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0311838</doi><tpages>e0311838</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8071-1341</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| subjects | Absorption Acid resistance Aggregates Aggregates (Building materials) Analysis Ashes Biology and Life Sciences Bridges Carbon dioxide Carbon fibers Cement hydration Chloride resistance Chlorides Compressive Strength Concrete Concrete aggregates Construction Construction Materials - analysis Crack propagation Ductility Ductility tests Durability Emissions Fiber reinforced concretes Fibers Greenhouse gases Materials Testing Mechanical properties Modulus of rupture Penetration resistance Performance evaluation Physical Sciences Portland cement Portland cements Properties R&D Recycling Reinforced concrete Reinforcing steels Research & development Sodium Sodium sulfate Steel - chemistry Steel fibers Straw Sulfates Sulfates - chemistry Tensile Strength Tires Triticum - chemistry Waste management Water absorption Wheat Wheat straw X-ray diffraction |
| title | Sulfate activation of wheat straw ash to enhance the properties of high-performance concrete with recycled aggregates and waste tire steel fibers |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-15T17%3A51%3A50IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Sulfate%20activation%20of%20wheat%20straw%20ash%20to%20enhance%20the%20properties%20of%20high-performance%20concrete%20with%20recycled%20aggregates%20and%20waste%20tire%20steel%20fibers&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Althoey,%20Fadi&rft.date=2024-10-22&rft.volume=19&rft.issue=10&rft.spage=e0311838&rft.pages=e0311838-&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0311838&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA813222264%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=3119603114&rft_id=info:pmid/39436874&rft_galeid=A813222264&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_8d6ac27ba6994a19bf87d8f9ccd3661f&rfr_iscdi=true |