Relationship between ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography and ophthalmoscopy for detecting posterior inflammation in posterior uveitis and panuveitis

To confirm the utility of ultra-widefield optical coherence tomography (W-OCT) for diagnosing uveitis. We retrospectively studied patients who had been diagnosed with uveitis and had undergone W-OCT. All patients had visited at Osaka Metropolitan University between January 2019 and January 2022. On W-OCT, vitreous opacity ("W-OCT VO") and the presence of vitreous cells ("W-OCT Cells") were identified by three specialists. We compared findings from ophthalmoscopy ("Ophthalmoscopic findings") and fluorescein angiography ("FAG findings") with those from W-OCT. This study investigated 132 eyes from 68 patients (34 males, 34 females; mean age, 53.97±22.71 years). Vitreous cells in posterior uveitis and panuveitis differed significantly between "W-OCT Cells" and "Ophthalmoscopic findings" for all cases (P = 0.00014). Vitreous opacities in posterior uveitis and panuveitis did not differ significantly between "W-OCT VO" and "Ophthalmoscopic findings" (P = 0.144) for all cases. Compared to "Ophthalmoscopic findings", "W-OCT Cells" offered 51.1% sensitivity and 66.7% specificity for all cases (p