Ultraviolet B irradiation enhances the secretion of exosomes by human primary melanocytes and changes their exosomal miRNA profile

Objective Melanocytes play a central role in skin homeostasis. In this study, we focus on the function of melanocyte releasing exosomes as well as exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) and investigate whether ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation exerts an impact on it. Materials and methods Exosomes derived from human primary melanocytes were isolated through differential centrifugation and were identified in three ways, including transmission electron microscopy observation, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and Western blot analysis. Melanocytes were irradiated with UVB for the indicated time, and then melanin production and exosome secretion were measured. The exosomal miRNA expression profile of melanocytes were obtained by miRNA sequencing and confirmed by real-time PCR. Results Exosomes derived from human primary melanocytes were verified. UVB irradiation induced melanin production and increased the exosome release by the melanocytes. In total, 15 miRNAs showed higher levels in UVB-irradiated melanocyte-derived exosomes compared with non-irradiated ones, and the top three upregulated exosomal miRNAs were miR-4488, miR-320d, and miR-7704 (fold change > 4.0). Conclusion It is verified for the first time that UVB irradiation enhanced the secretion of exosomes by melanocytes and changed their exosomal miRNA profile. This findings open a new direction for investigating the communication between melanocytes and other skin cells, and the connection between UVB and skin malignant initiation.