The gut mycobiome: The overlooked constituent of clinical outcomes and treatment complications in patients with cancer and other immunosuppressive conditions

About the Authors: Jessica R. Galloway-Peña * E-mail: jrgalloway@mdanderson.org (JRG-P); dkontoyi@mdanderson.org (DPK) Affiliations Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America, Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control, and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America ORCID logo http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1081-254X Dimitrios P. Kontoyiannis * E-mail: jrgalloway@mdanderson.org (JRG-P); dkontoyi@mdanderson.org (DPK) Affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control, and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America Citation: Galloway-Peña JR, Kontoyiannis DP (2020) The gut mycobiome: Emerging research has focused on how the bacteriome relates to gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, cancer therapy–related toxicities, and stem-cell transplantation outcomes; including correlations with infection, graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), tumorigenesis, cancer relapse, and mortality [8–11]. [...]far, there has been a lack of dedicated research focusing on the influence of mycobiome-associated immunomodulation in patients with cancer and other states of immunosuppression. [...]the induction of Th17/interleukin-23 (IL-23) responses via activation of pattern recognition receptors by Candida has been suggested as a potential mechanism of GvHD pathophysiology [25]. [...]among 30 taxa of the