Epidemiological metrics and benchmarks for a transition in the HIV epidemic

[...]people living with HIV (PLHIV) and key populations at high risk of infection may be stigmatised, which may constitute an obstacle to effective implementation and warrants ongoing monitoring. [...]the epidemic reduces the size and the productivity of a country’s work force, imposing an indirect economic burden on the affected country. [...]managing HIV demands health spending by patients, governments, private insurers, and funders, and, in the worst-affected lower-income countries, this fiscal burden can exceed all other health spending, with part of the cost borne by donor countries. [...]only a few national cohort studies exist [31,32], with other studies focused on entire populations or subpopulations in specific locations [33,34].