Leishmania enriettii (Muniz & Medina, 1948): A highly diverse parasite is here to stay

Larissa F. Paranaiba, Lucélia J. Pinheiro Affiliation: Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil Ana C. Torrecilhas Affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema, São Paulo, Brazil Diego H. Macedo Affiliation: Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5347-8150 Armando Menezes-Neto Affiliation: Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2003-908X Wagner L. Tafuri Affiliation: Departamento de Patologia, Universidade Federal Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil Rodrigo P. Soares * E-mail: larissafparanaiba@gmail.com (LFP); rsoares@cpqrr.fiocruz.br (RPS) Affiliation: Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou/Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7966-3629Citation: Paranaiba LF, Pinheiro LJ, Torrecilhas AC, Macedo DH, Menezes-Neto A, Tafuri WL, et al. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Transmission occurs after the bite of sandfly vectors (Diptera: Phlebotominae) when females take a blood meal from the vertebrate host [1]. (A) Four to 7 weeks of infection and (B) healed lesion after 8-10 weeks of infection. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1006303.g001 In spite of that, L. enriettii epidemiological studies involving hosts in Brazil are scarce, and new information on this parasite did not emerge until almost 50 years later. First Isolation of Leishmania from Northern Thailand: Case Report, Identification as Leishmania martiniquensis and Phylogenetic Position within the Leishmania enriettii Complex. First isolation of a new species of Leishmania responsible for human cutaneous leishmaniasis in Ghana and...