Salmonid alphavirus infection causes skin dysbiosis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) post-smolts
Interactions among host, microbiota and viral pathogens are complex and poorly understood. The goal of the present study is to assess the changes in the skin microbial community of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in response to experimental infection with salmonid alphavirus (SAV). The salmon skin...
Gespeichert in:
| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2017-03, Vol.12 (3), p.e0172856-e0172856 |
|---|---|
| Hauptverfasser: | , , , , , , |
| Format: | Artikel |
| Sprache: | eng |
| Schlagworte: | |
| Online-Zugang: | Volltext |
| Tags: |
Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
|
| container_end_page | e0172856 |
|---|---|
| container_issue | 3 |
| container_start_page | e0172856 |
| container_title | PloS one |
| container_volume | 12 |
| creator | Reid, Kristin M Patel, Sonal Robinson, Aaron J Bu, Lijing Jarungsriapisit, Jiraporn Moore, Lindsey J Salinas, Irene |
| description | Interactions among host, microbiota and viral pathogens are complex and poorly understood. The goal of the present study is to assess the changes in the skin microbial community of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in response to experimental infection with salmonid alphavirus (SAV). The salmon skin microbial community was determined using 16S rDNA pyrosequencing in five different experimental groups: control, 7 days after infection with low-dose SAV, 14 days after infection with low-dose SAV, 7 days after infection with high-dose SAV, and 14 days after infection with high-dose SAV. Both infection treatment and time after infection were strong predictors of the skin microbial community composition. Skin samples from SAV3 infected fish showed an unbalanced microbiota characterized by a decreased abundance of Proteobacteria such as Oleispira sp. and increased abundances of opportunistic taxa including Flavobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae and Tenacibaculum sp. These results demonstrate that viral infections can result in skin dysbiosis likely rendering the host more susceptible to secondary bacterial infections. |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0172856 |
| format | Article |
| fullrecord | <record><control><sourceid>gale_plos_</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_plos_journals_1874720928</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><galeid>A484264542</galeid><doaj_id>oai_doaj_org_article_80523f1041ca43d8bdc876fb81d607ba</doaj_id><sourcerecordid>A484264542</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c626t-11c92e664bea2a0f13cfa8561206a14c7b11d5533a1c3cb82b00fd47615e3f783</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNqNUk1v1DAUjBCIlsI_QBCJSzls8LMd23uptKpoqbQSB-BsvTjO1ksSL3ZSqf8eZzetuqgH5IO_ZsbvjSfL3gMpgEn4svVj6LEtdr63BQFJVSleZKewZHQhKGEvn6xPsjcxbgkpmRLidXZCFRWclOI0Mz-w7Xzv6hzb3S3euTDG3PWNNYPzfW5wjDbm8bfr8_o-Vs5HN93nq6HFfnAmj3t-fr7XmXYY8nXxOd_5OCxi59shvs1eNdhG-26ez7JfV19_Xn5brL9f31yu1gsjqBgWAGZJrRC8skiRNMBMg6kpoEQgcCMrgLosGUMwzFSKVoQ0NZcCSssaqdhZ9vGgu2t91LM_UYOSXFKypBPi5oCoPW71LrgOw7326PT-wIeNxpC6aq1WpKSsAcLBIGe1qmqjpGgqBbUgssKkdTG_NladrY3th4DtkejxTe9u9cbf6dRBUpqKOZ8Fgv8z2jjozkVj22Ss9eO-bqnIkkj6P9ASOHAmEvTTP9DnjZhRG0y9pv_2qUQzieoVVzylo-TTs8UzqDRq2zmTcte4dH5E4AeCCT7GYJtHO4DoKbUPxegptXpObaJ9eGrlI-khpuwv_xnpAg</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Open Website</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>1874720928</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Salmonid alphavirus infection causes skin dysbiosis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) post-smolts</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</source><source>Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access</source><source>EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals</source><source>PubMed Central</source><source>Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry</source><creator>Reid, Kristin M ; Patel, Sonal ; Robinson, Aaron J ; Bu, Lijing ; Jarungsriapisit, Jiraporn ; Moore, Lindsey J ; Salinas, Irene</creator><contributor>Boudinot, Pierre</contributor><creatorcontrib>Reid, Kristin M ; Patel, Sonal ; Robinson, Aaron J ; Bu, Lijing ; Jarungsriapisit, Jiraporn ; Moore, Lindsey J ; Salinas, Irene ; Boudinot, Pierre</creatorcontrib><description>Interactions among host, microbiota and viral pathogens are complex and poorly understood. The goal of the present study is to assess the changes in the skin microbial community of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in response to experimental infection with salmonid alphavirus (SAV). The salmon skin microbial community was determined using 16S rDNA pyrosequencing in five different experimental groups: control, 7 days after infection with low-dose SAV, 14 days after infection with low-dose SAV, 7 days after infection with high-dose SAV, and 14 days after infection with high-dose SAV. Both infection treatment and time after infection were strong predictors of the skin microbial community composition. Skin samples from SAV3 infected fish showed an unbalanced microbiota characterized by a decreased abundance of Proteobacteria such as Oleispira sp. and increased abundances of opportunistic taxa including Flavobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae and Tenacibaculum sp. These results demonstrate that viral infections can result in skin dysbiosis likely rendering the host more susceptible to secondary bacterial infections.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172856</identifier><identifier>PMID: 28264056</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Alphavirus - genetics ; Alphavirus Infections - veterinary ; Animals ; Bacteria ; Bacterial diseases ; Biodiversity ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Cluster Analysis ; Communities ; Community composition ; Disease susceptibility ; Dysbacteriosis ; Dysbiosis ; Experimental infection ; Fish ; Fish Diseases - virology ; Flavobacteriaceae ; Health aspects ; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Microbiota ; Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms) ; Microorganisms ; Norway ; Proteobacteria ; Risk factors ; RNA virus infections ; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics ; rRNA 16S ; Salmo salar ; Salmo salar - virology ; Salmon ; Seawater ; Skin ; Skin - microbiology ; Skin - virology ; Streptococcaceae ; Tenacibaculum ; Togaviridae ; Viral infections ; Viral Load</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2017-03, Vol.12 (3), p.e0172856-e0172856</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2017 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2017 Reid et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2017 Reid et al 2017 Reid et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c626t-11c92e664bea2a0f13cfa8561206a14c7b11d5533a1c3cb82b00fd47615e3f783</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c626t-11c92e664bea2a0f13cfa8561206a14c7b11d5533a1c3cb82b00fd47615e3f783</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5338768/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5338768/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,727,780,784,864,885,2102,2928,23866,27924,27925,53791,53793,79600,79601</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28264056$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><contributor>Boudinot, Pierre</contributor><creatorcontrib>Reid, Kristin M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patel, Sonal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robinson, Aaron J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bu, Lijing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jarungsriapisit, Jiraporn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moore, Lindsey J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salinas, Irene</creatorcontrib><title>Salmonid alphavirus infection causes skin dysbiosis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) post-smolts</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Interactions among host, microbiota and viral pathogens are complex and poorly understood. The goal of the present study is to assess the changes in the skin microbial community of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in response to experimental infection with salmonid alphavirus (SAV). The salmon skin microbial community was determined using 16S rDNA pyrosequencing in five different experimental groups: control, 7 days after infection with low-dose SAV, 14 days after infection with low-dose SAV, 7 days after infection with high-dose SAV, and 14 days after infection with high-dose SAV. Both infection treatment and time after infection were strong predictors of the skin microbial community composition. Skin samples from SAV3 infected fish showed an unbalanced microbiota characterized by a decreased abundance of Proteobacteria such as Oleispira sp. and increased abundances of opportunistic taxa including Flavobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae and Tenacibaculum sp. These results demonstrate that viral infections can result in skin dysbiosis likely rendering the host more susceptible to secondary bacterial infections.</description><subject>Alphavirus - genetics</subject><subject>Alphavirus Infections - veterinary</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Bacteria</subject><subject>Bacterial diseases</subject><subject>Biodiversity</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Cluster Analysis</subject><subject>Communities</subject><subject>Community composition</subject><subject>Disease susceptibility</subject><subject>Dysbacteriosis</subject><subject>Dysbiosis</subject><subject>Experimental infection</subject><subject>Fish</subject><subject>Fish Diseases - virology</subject><subject>Flavobacteriaceae</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Microbiota</subject><subject>Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)</subject><subject>Microorganisms</subject><subject>Norway</subject><subject>Proteobacteria</subject><subject>Risk factors</subject><subject>RNA virus infections</subject><subject>RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics</subject><subject>rRNA 16S</subject><subject>Salmo salar</subject><subject>Salmo salar - virology</subject><subject>Salmon</subject><subject>Seawater</subject><subject>Skin</subject><subject>Skin - microbiology</subject><subject>Skin - virology</subject><subject>Streptococcaceae</subject><subject>Tenacibaculum</subject><subject>Togaviridae</subject><subject>Viral infections</subject><subject>Viral Load</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2017</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>ABUWG</sourceid><sourceid>AFKRA</sourceid><sourceid>AZQEC</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>CCPQU</sourceid><sourceid>DWQXO</sourceid><sourceid>GNUQQ</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNUk1v1DAUjBCIlsI_QBCJSzls8LMd23uptKpoqbQSB-BsvTjO1ksSL3ZSqf8eZzetuqgH5IO_ZsbvjSfL3gMpgEn4svVj6LEtdr63BQFJVSleZKewZHQhKGEvn6xPsjcxbgkpmRLidXZCFRWclOI0Mz-w7Xzv6hzb3S3euTDG3PWNNYPzfW5wjDbm8bfr8_o-Vs5HN93nq6HFfnAmj3t-fr7XmXYY8nXxOd_5OCxi59shvs1eNdhG-26ez7JfV19_Xn5brL9f31yu1gsjqBgWAGZJrRC8skiRNMBMg6kpoEQgcCMrgLosGUMwzFSKVoQ0NZcCSssaqdhZ9vGgu2t91LM_UYOSXFKypBPi5oCoPW71LrgOw7326PT-wIeNxpC6aq1WpKSsAcLBIGe1qmqjpGgqBbUgssKkdTG_NladrY3th4DtkejxTe9u9cbf6dRBUpqKOZ8Fgv8z2jjozkVj22Ss9eO-bqnIkkj6P9ASOHAmEvTTP9DnjZhRG0y9pv_2qUQzieoVVzylo-TTs8UzqDRq2zmTcte4dH5E4AeCCT7GYJtHO4DoKbUPxegptXpObaJ9eGrlI-khpuwv_xnpAg</recordid><startdate>20170306</startdate><enddate>20170306</enddate><creator>Reid, Kristin M</creator><creator>Patel, Sonal</creator><creator>Robinson, Aaron J</creator><creator>Bu, Lijing</creator><creator>Jarungsriapisit, Jiraporn</creator><creator>Moore, Lindsey J</creator><creator>Salinas, Irene</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20170306</creationdate><title>Salmonid alphavirus infection causes skin dysbiosis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) post-smolts</title><author>Reid, Kristin M ; Patel, Sonal ; Robinson, Aaron J ; Bu, Lijing ; Jarungsriapisit, Jiraporn ; Moore, Lindsey J ; Salinas, Irene</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c626t-11c92e664bea2a0f13cfa8561206a14c7b11d5533a1c3cb82b00fd47615e3f783</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2017</creationdate><topic>Alphavirus - genetics</topic><topic>Alphavirus Infections - veterinary</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Bacteria</topic><topic>Bacterial diseases</topic><topic>Biodiversity</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Cluster Analysis</topic><topic>Communities</topic><topic>Community composition</topic><topic>Disease susceptibility</topic><topic>Dysbacteriosis</topic><topic>Dysbiosis</topic><topic>Experimental infection</topic><topic>Fish</topic><topic>Fish Diseases - virology</topic><topic>Flavobacteriaceae</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing</topic><topic>Medicine and Health Sciences</topic><topic>Microbiota</topic><topic>Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms)</topic><topic>Microorganisms</topic><topic>Norway</topic><topic>Proteobacteria</topic><topic>Risk factors</topic><topic>RNA virus infections</topic><topic>RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics</topic><topic>rRNA 16S</topic><topic>Salmo salar</topic><topic>Salmo salar - virology</topic><topic>Salmon</topic><topic>Seawater</topic><topic>Skin</topic><topic>Skin - microbiology</topic><topic>Skin - virology</topic><topic>Streptococcaceae</topic><topic>Tenacibaculum</topic><topic>Togaviridae</topic><topic>Viral infections</topic><topic>Viral Load</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Reid, Kristin M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Patel, Sonal</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Robinson, Aaron J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bu, Lijing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jarungsriapisit, Jiraporn</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Moore, Lindsey J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Salinas, Irene</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Corporate)</collection><collection>Animal Behavior Abstracts</collection><collection>Bacteriology Abstracts (Microbiology B)</collection><collection>Biotechnology Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database</collection><collection>Ecology Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Virology and AIDS Abstracts</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Collection</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Medical Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Pharma Collection</collection><collection>Public Health Database</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest SciTech Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Technology Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection</collection><collection>Hospital Premium Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni) (purchase pre-March 2016)</collection><collection>Materials Science & Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central UK/Ireland</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural & Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Essentials</collection><collection>Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central</collection><collection>Technology Collection</collection><collection>Natural Science Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ProQuest One Community College</collection><collection>ProQuest Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Korea</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection</collection><collection>Health Research Premium Collection (Alumni)</collection><collection>ProQuest Central Student</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>SciTech Premium Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Materials Science Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Database (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest Engineering Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Biological Science Collection</collection><collection>Agricultural Science Database</collection><collection>Health & Medical Collection (Alumni Edition)</collection><collection>Medical Database</collection><collection>Algology Mycology and Protozoology Abstracts (Microbiology C)</collection><collection>Biological Science Database</collection><collection>Engineering Database</collection><collection>Nursing & Allied Health Premium</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Advanced Technologies & Aerospace Collection</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Science Database</collection><collection>Materials Science Collection</collection><collection>Access via ProQuest (Open Access)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic Eastern Edition (DO NOT USE)</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic</collection><collection>ProQuest One Academic UKI Edition</collection><collection>Engineering Collection</collection><collection>Environmental Science Collection</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Reid, Kristin M</au><au>Patel, Sonal</au><au>Robinson, Aaron J</au><au>Bu, Lijing</au><au>Jarungsriapisit, Jiraporn</au><au>Moore, Lindsey J</au><au>Salinas, Irene</au><au>Boudinot, Pierre</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Salmonid alphavirus infection causes skin dysbiosis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) post-smolts</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2017-03-06</date><risdate>2017</risdate><volume>12</volume><issue>3</issue><spage>e0172856</spage><epage>e0172856</epage><pages>e0172856-e0172856</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Interactions among host, microbiota and viral pathogens are complex and poorly understood. The goal of the present study is to assess the changes in the skin microbial community of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in response to experimental infection with salmonid alphavirus (SAV). The salmon skin microbial community was determined using 16S rDNA pyrosequencing in five different experimental groups: control, 7 days after infection with low-dose SAV, 14 days after infection with low-dose SAV, 7 days after infection with high-dose SAV, and 14 days after infection with high-dose SAV. Both infection treatment and time after infection were strong predictors of the skin microbial community composition. Skin samples from SAV3 infected fish showed an unbalanced microbiota characterized by a decreased abundance of Proteobacteria such as Oleispira sp. and increased abundances of opportunistic taxa including Flavobacteriaceae, Streptococcaceae and Tenacibaculum sp. These results demonstrate that viral infections can result in skin dysbiosis likely rendering the host more susceptible to secondary bacterial infections.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>28264056</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0172856</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2017-03, Vol.12 (3), p.e0172856-e0172856 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1874720928 |
| source | MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Alphavirus - genetics Alphavirus Infections - veterinary Animals Bacteria Bacterial diseases Biodiversity Biology and Life Sciences Cluster Analysis Communities Community composition Disease susceptibility Dysbacteriosis Dysbiosis Experimental infection Fish Fish Diseases - virology Flavobacteriaceae Health aspects High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing Medicine and Health Sciences Microbiota Microbiota (Symbiotic organisms) Microorganisms Norway Proteobacteria Risk factors RNA virus infections RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics rRNA 16S Salmo salar Salmo salar - virology Salmon Seawater Skin Skin - microbiology Skin - virology Streptococcaceae Tenacibaculum Togaviridae Viral infections Viral Load |
| title | Salmonid alphavirus infection causes skin dysbiosis in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) post-smolts |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2024-12-29T08%3A21%3A01IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Salmonid%20alphavirus%20infection%20causes%20skin%20dysbiosis%20in%20Atlantic%20salmon%20(Salmo%20salar%20L.)%20post-smolts&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Reid,%20Kristin%20M&rft.date=2017-03-06&rft.volume=12&rft.issue=3&rft.spage=e0172856&rft.epage=e0172856&rft.pages=e0172856-e0172856&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0172856&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA484264542%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1874720928&rft_id=info:pmid/28264056&rft_galeid=A484264542&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_80523f1041ca43d8bdc876fb81d607ba&rfr_iscdi=true |