Effect of pregnancy on anti-HEV antibody titres, plasma cytokines and the corresponding gene expression levels in the PBMCs of patients presenting with self-recovering clinical and subclinical hepatitis E
High mortality in pregnant women (PR) is a characteristic of hepatitis E in developing countries. To understand the pathogenesis of HEV infection in self-limiting disease during pregnancy, we compared clinical (PR-patients) and subclinical-HEV-infections in pregnant women in the first (SC-PR-1) and...
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| description | High mortality in pregnant women (PR) is a characteristic of hepatitis E in developing countries. To understand the pathogenesis of HEV infection in self-limiting disease during pregnancy, we compared clinical (PR-patients) and subclinical-HEV-infections in pregnant women in the first (SC-PR-1) and later (2nd and 3rd, SC-PR-2+3) trimesters with the respective healthy controls and acute non-PR patients. The SC-PR-2+3 exhibited lower ALT, bilirubin levels, anti-HEV-IgM/IgG titres than the acute-PR/non-PR-patients (p |
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To understand the pathogenesis of HEV infection in self-limiting disease during pregnancy, we compared clinical (PR-patients) and subclinical-HEV-infections in pregnant women in the first (SC-PR-1) and later (2nd and 3rd, SC-PR-2+3) trimesters with the respective healthy controls and acute non-PR patients. The SC-PR-2+3 exhibited lower ALT, bilirubin levels, anti-HEV-IgM/IgG titres than the acute-PR/non-PR-patients (p<0.05-0.0001). IFNγ/IL4ratios indicated Th2/Th1 bias in non-PR and PR-patients respectively. Raised levels of 10/20 plasma cytokines in the non-PR-patients reflect predominant inflammatory response, unaltered- IFNγ/reduced-IFNα responses and a robust chemokine secretion. On contrary, the acute-PR-patients exhibited drastic reduction in majority of the cytokines relative to in the non-PR-patients. Importantly, diminished or unaltered response was noted in the acute-PR-group when compared to the corresponding controls. The only exception was sIL2RA, increasing in both patient categories. Of the 14 genes evaluated, the expression of IFNγ/IL10/IL1A/IL7/CCL2/CCL3/CXCL8/CXCL10 was higher in the non-PR patients. Of these, the expression of IFNγ/IL10/IL1A/CCL2/CCL3/CXCL8 and, additionally, IL2/IL6/TNF genes was higher in the clinical-PRs. Almost identical pattern was noted in the control-PR-2+3 category indicating no influence of HEV infection. Comparison of patient-categories identified significant elevation of IFNγ(P<0.001), CCL2(p<0.01), CXCL8(P<0.05), IL1B(p<0.05) and IL10(P<0.0001) and decrease in CXCL10(<0.05) in the PR-patients. The results suggest antibody-dependent disease severity and impaired immune response in the PR patients. Higher expression of cytokine-genes in the PBMCs did not correlate with the plasma-cytokine levels in the PR-patients.]]></description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103257</identifier><identifier>PMID: 25084004</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>Adult ; Antibodies ; Bilirubin ; Biology and Life Sciences ; Blood Chemical Analysis ; Case-Control Studies ; CCL3 protein ; Cluster Analysis ; Comparative analysis ; CXCL10 protein ; Cytokines ; Cytokines - blood ; Cytokines - genetics ; Developing countries ; Development and progression ; Disease ; Disease control ; Epidemics ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Gene Expression Profiling ; Genes ; Health aspects ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis Antibodies - blood ; Hepatitis Antibodies - immunology ; Hepatitis E ; Hepatitis E - blood ; Hepatitis E - etiology ; Hepatitis E - genetics ; Hepatitis E virus - immunology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions - genetics ; Host-Pathogen Interactions - immunology ; Humans ; Immune response ; Immune system ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin G - blood ; Immunoglobulin G - immunology ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulin M - blood ; Immunoglobulin M - immunology ; Immunoglobulins ; Infection ; Infections ; Inflammation ; Inflammatory response ; Influenza ; Interferon ; Interleukin 1 ; Interleukin 10 ; Interleukin 2 ; Interleukin 6 ; Interleukin 7 ; LDCs ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear - metabolism ; Liver Function Tests ; Lymphocytes T ; Male ; Medicine and Health Sciences ; Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 ; Mortality ; Pathogenesis ; Patients ; Plasma ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious ; Pregnant women ; Tumor necrosis factor ; Viral infections ; Virology ; Womens health ; Young Adult ; γ-Interferon</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2014-08, Vol.9 (8), p.e103257-e103257</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2014 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2014 Ramdasi et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>2014 Ramdasi et al 2014 Ramdasi et al</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-bded91be6f44d4de1f242d522f150a3689a4976a4fb038aadfc3f9be2949a8c93</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-bded91be6f44d4de1f242d522f150a3689a4976a4fb038aadfc3f9be2949a8c93</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4118861/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4118861/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79343,79344</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25084004$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Ramdasi, Ashwini Y</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arya, Ravi P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Arankalle, Vidya A</creatorcontrib><title>Effect of pregnancy on anti-HEV antibody titres, plasma cytokines and the corresponding gene expression levels in the PBMCs of patients presenting with self-recovering clinical and subclinical hepatitis E</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description><![CDATA[High mortality in pregnant women (PR) is a characteristic of hepatitis E in developing countries. To understand the pathogenesis of HEV infection in self-limiting disease during pregnancy, we compared clinical (PR-patients) and subclinical-HEV-infections in pregnant women in the first (SC-PR-1) and later (2nd and 3rd, SC-PR-2+3) trimesters with the respective healthy controls and acute non-PR patients. The SC-PR-2+3 exhibited lower ALT, bilirubin levels, anti-HEV-IgM/IgG titres than the acute-PR/non-PR-patients (p<0.05-0.0001). IFNγ/IL4ratios indicated Th2/Th1 bias in non-PR and PR-patients respectively. Raised levels of 10/20 plasma cytokines in the non-PR-patients reflect predominant inflammatory response, unaltered- IFNγ/reduced-IFNα responses and a robust chemokine secretion. On contrary, the acute-PR-patients exhibited drastic reduction in majority of the cytokines relative to in the non-PR-patients. Importantly, diminished or unaltered response was noted in the acute-PR-group when compared to the corresponding controls. The only exception was sIL2RA, increasing in both patient categories. Of the 14 genes evaluated, the expression of IFNγ/IL10/IL1A/IL7/CCL2/CCL3/CXCL8/CXCL10 was higher in the non-PR patients. Of these, the expression of IFNγ/IL10/IL1A/CCL2/CCL3/CXCL8 and, additionally, IL2/IL6/TNF genes was higher in the clinical-PRs. Almost identical pattern was noted in the control-PR-2+3 category indicating no influence of HEV infection. Comparison of patient-categories identified significant elevation of IFNγ(P<0.001), CCL2(p<0.01), CXCL8(P<0.05), IL1B(p<0.05) and IL10(P<0.0001) and decrease in CXCL10(<0.05) in the PR-patients. The results suggest antibody-dependent disease severity and impaired immune response in the PR patients. Higher expression of cytokine-genes in the PBMCs did not correlate with the plasma-cytokine levels in the PR-patients.]]></description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Antibodies</subject><subject>Bilirubin</subject><subject>Biology and Life Sciences</subject><subject>Blood Chemical Analysis</subject><subject>Case-Control Studies</subject><subject>CCL3 protein</subject><subject>Cluster Analysis</subject><subject>Comparative analysis</subject><subject>CXCL10 protein</subject><subject>Cytokines</subject><subject>Cytokines - blood</subject><subject>Cytokines - genetics</subject><subject>Developing countries</subject><subject>Development and progression</subject><subject>Disease</subject><subject>Disease control</subject><subject>Epidemics</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gene Expression</subject><subject>Gene Expression Profiling</subject><subject>Genes</subject><subject>Health aspects</subject><subject>Hepatitis</subject><subject>Hepatitis Antibodies - blood</subject><subject>Hepatitis Antibodies - immunology</subject><subject>Hepatitis E</subject><subject>Hepatitis E - blood</subject><subject>Hepatitis E - etiology</subject><subject>Hepatitis E - genetics</subject><subject>Hepatitis E virus - immunology</subject><subject>Host-Pathogen Interactions - genetics</subject><subject>Host-Pathogen Interactions - immunology</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Immune response</subject><subject>Immune system</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G - blood</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin G - immunology</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin M</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin M - blood</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin M - immunology</subject><subject>Immunoglobulins</subject><subject>Infection</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Inflammation</subject><subject>Inflammatory response</subject><subject>Influenza</subject><subject>Interferon</subject><subject>Interleukin 1</subject><subject>Interleukin 10</subject><subject>Interleukin 2</subject><subject>Interleukin 6</subject><subject>Interleukin 7</subject><subject>LDCs</subject><subject>Leukocytes, Mononuclear - metabolism</subject><subject>Liver Function Tests</subject><subject>Lymphocytes T</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine and Health Sciences</subject><subject>Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1</subject><subject>Mortality</subject><subject>Pathogenesis</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Plasma</subject><subject>Pregnancy</subject><subject>Pregnancy Complications, Infectious</subject><subject>Pregnant women</subject><subject>Tumor necrosis factor</subject><subject>Viral infections</subject><subject>Virology</subject><subject>Womens health</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><subject>γ-Interferon</subject><issn>1932-6203</issn><issn>1932-6203</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2014</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><sourceid>BENPR</sourceid><sourceid>DOA</sourceid><recordid>eNqNk91u1DAQhSMEolB4AwSWkBBI7GInTja5QSrVQisVFfHTW2vijLMuXnuxndJ9Rx4KZ7utuqgXKBeZTL5zxh57suwZo1NWzNi7czd4C2a6chanlNEiL2f3skesKfJJldPi_q14L3scwjmlZVFX1cNsLy9pzSnlj7I_c6VQRuIUWXnsLVi5Js4SsFFPjuZnm6B13ZpEHT2Gt2RlICyByHV0P7XFkIiOxAUS6XwC0nI6bXvSo0WCl8k0BJ0MDV6gCUTbDfvlw-fDsCkKUaONYaweUjBKf-u4IAGNmniU7gL9mJRGWy3BbMqFob35XuDoEXUg8yfZAwUm4NPtez_78XH-_fBocnL66fjw4GQiqyaPk7bDrmEtVorzjnfIVM7zrsxzxUoKRVU3wJtZBVy1tKgBOiUL1bSYN7yBWjbFfvbiyndlXBDbgwiClSUtGacNT8TxFdE5OBcrr5fg18KBFpuE870AH7U0KOpZw2tFJWO84oq3MEtByYBjWwKrRq_322pDu8ROpi55MDumu3-sXojeXQjOWF1XLBm83hp492vAEMVSB4nGgEU3bNbNKGvqskzoy3_Qu3e3pXpIG9BWuVRXjqbigLOqqguW14ma3kGlp8OllunWKp3yO4I3O4LERLyMPQwhiONvX_-fPT3bZV_dYhcIJi6CM0NM9zLsgvwKlN6F4FHdNJlRMQ7ddTfEOHRiO3RJ9vz2Ad2Irqes-AugnCs8</recordid><startdate>20140801</startdate><enddate>20140801</enddate><creator>Ramdasi, Ashwini Y</creator><creator>Arya, Ravi P</creator><creator>Arankalle, Vidya A</creator><general>Public Library of Science</general><general>Public Library of Science (PLoS)</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>IOV</scope><scope>ISR</scope><scope>3V.</scope><scope>7QG</scope><scope>7QL</scope><scope>7QO</scope><scope>7RV</scope><scope>7SN</scope><scope>7SS</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7U9</scope><scope>7X2</scope><scope>7X7</scope><scope>7XB</scope><scope>88E</scope><scope>8AO</scope><scope>8C1</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>8FE</scope><scope>8FG</scope><scope>8FH</scope><scope>8FI</scope><scope>8FJ</scope><scope>8FK</scope><scope>ABJCF</scope><scope>ABUWG</scope><scope>AEUYN</scope><scope>AFKRA</scope><scope>ARAPS</scope><scope>ATCPS</scope><scope>AZQEC</scope><scope>BBNVY</scope><scope>BENPR</scope><scope>BGLVJ</scope><scope>BHPHI</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>CCPQU</scope><scope>COVID</scope><scope>D1I</scope><scope>DWQXO</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>FYUFA</scope><scope>GHDGH</scope><scope>GNUQQ</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>HCIFZ</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KB.</scope><scope>KB0</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L6V</scope><scope>LK8</scope><scope>M0K</scope><scope>M0S</scope><scope>M1P</scope><scope>M7N</scope><scope>M7P</scope><scope>M7S</scope><scope>NAPCQ</scope><scope>P5Z</scope><scope>P62</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>PATMY</scope><scope>PDBOC</scope><scope>PIMPY</scope><scope>PQEST</scope><scope>PQQKQ</scope><scope>PQUKI</scope><scope>PRINS</scope><scope>PTHSS</scope><scope>PYCSY</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>5PM</scope><scope>DOA</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20140801</creationdate><title>Effect of pregnancy on anti-HEV antibody titres, plasma cytokines and the corresponding gene expression levels in the PBMCs of patients presenting with self-recovering clinical and subclinical hepatitis E</title><author>Ramdasi, Ashwini Y ; Arya, Ravi P ; Arankalle, Vidya A</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c692t-bded91be6f44d4de1f242d522f150a3689a4976a4fb038aadfc3f9be2949a8c93</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2014</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Antibodies</topic><topic>Bilirubin</topic><topic>Biology and Life Sciences</topic><topic>Blood Chemical Analysis</topic><topic>Case-Control Studies</topic><topic>CCL3 protein</topic><topic>Cluster Analysis</topic><topic>Comparative analysis</topic><topic>CXCL10 protein</topic><topic>Cytokines</topic><topic>Cytokines - blood</topic><topic>Cytokines - genetics</topic><topic>Developing countries</topic><topic>Development and progression</topic><topic>Disease</topic><topic>Disease control</topic><topic>Epidemics</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gene Expression</topic><topic>Gene Expression Profiling</topic><topic>Genes</topic><topic>Health aspects</topic><topic>Hepatitis</topic><topic>Hepatitis Antibodies - blood</topic><topic>Hepatitis Antibodies - immunology</topic><topic>Hepatitis E</topic><topic>Hepatitis E - blood</topic><topic>Hepatitis E - etiology</topic><topic>Hepatitis E - genetics</topic><topic>Hepatitis E virus - immunology</topic><topic>Host-Pathogen Interactions - genetics</topic><topic>Host-Pathogen Interactions - immunology</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Immune response</topic><topic>Immune system</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin G</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin G - blood</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin G - immunology</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin M</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin M - blood</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin M - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Ramdasi, Ashwini Y</au><au>Arya, Ravi P</au><au>Arankalle, Vidya A</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Effect of pregnancy on anti-HEV antibody titres, plasma cytokines and the corresponding gene expression levels in the PBMCs of patients presenting with self-recovering clinical and subclinical hepatitis E</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2014-08-01</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>8</issue><spage>e103257</spage><epage>e103257</epage><pages>e103257-e103257</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract><![CDATA[High mortality in pregnant women (PR) is a characteristic of hepatitis E in developing countries. To understand the pathogenesis of HEV infection in self-limiting disease during pregnancy, we compared clinical (PR-patients) and subclinical-HEV-infections in pregnant women in the first (SC-PR-1) and later (2nd and 3rd, SC-PR-2+3) trimesters with the respective healthy controls and acute non-PR patients. The SC-PR-2+3 exhibited lower ALT, bilirubin levels, anti-HEV-IgM/IgG titres than the acute-PR/non-PR-patients (p<0.05-0.0001). IFNγ/IL4ratios indicated Th2/Th1 bias in non-PR and PR-patients respectively. Raised levels of 10/20 plasma cytokines in the non-PR-patients reflect predominant inflammatory response, unaltered- IFNγ/reduced-IFNα responses and a robust chemokine secretion. On contrary, the acute-PR-patients exhibited drastic reduction in majority of the cytokines relative to in the non-PR-patients. Importantly, diminished or unaltered response was noted in the acute-PR-group when compared to the corresponding controls. The only exception was sIL2RA, increasing in both patient categories. Of the 14 genes evaluated, the expression of IFNγ/IL10/IL1A/IL7/CCL2/CCL3/CXCL8/CXCL10 was higher in the non-PR patients. Of these, the expression of IFNγ/IL10/IL1A/CCL2/CCL3/CXCL8 and, additionally, IL2/IL6/TNF genes was higher in the clinical-PRs. Almost identical pattern was noted in the control-PR-2+3 category indicating no influence of HEV infection. Comparison of patient-categories identified significant elevation of IFNγ(P<0.001), CCL2(p<0.01), CXCL8(P<0.05), IL1B(p<0.05) and IL10(P<0.0001) and decrease in CXCL10(<0.05) in the PR-patients. The results suggest antibody-dependent disease severity and impaired immune response in the PR patients. Higher expression of cytokine-genes in the PBMCs did not correlate with the plasma-cytokine levels in the PR-patients.]]></abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>25084004</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0103257</doi><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
| fulltext | fulltext |
| identifier | ISSN: 1932-6203 |
| ispartof | PloS one, 2014-08, Vol.9 (8), p.e103257-e103257 |
| issn | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
| language | eng |
| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1550514094 |
| source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek - Frei zugängliche E-Journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | Adult Antibodies Bilirubin Biology and Life Sciences Blood Chemical Analysis Case-Control Studies CCL3 protein Cluster Analysis Comparative analysis CXCL10 protein Cytokines Cytokines - blood Cytokines - genetics Developing countries Development and progression Disease Disease control Epidemics Female Gene Expression Gene Expression Profiling Genes Health aspects Hepatitis Hepatitis Antibodies - blood Hepatitis Antibodies - immunology Hepatitis E Hepatitis E - blood Hepatitis E - etiology Hepatitis E - genetics Hepatitis E virus - immunology Host-Pathogen Interactions - genetics Host-Pathogen Interactions - immunology Humans Immune response Immune system Immunoglobulin G Immunoglobulin G - blood Immunoglobulin G - immunology Immunoglobulin M Immunoglobulin M - blood Immunoglobulin M - immunology Immunoglobulins Infection Infections Inflammation Inflammatory response Influenza Interferon Interleukin 1 Interleukin 10 Interleukin 2 Interleukin 6 Interleukin 7 LDCs Leukocytes, Mononuclear - metabolism Liver Function Tests Lymphocytes T Male Medicine and Health Sciences Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 Mortality Pathogenesis Patients Plasma Pregnancy Pregnancy Complications, Infectious Pregnant women Tumor necrosis factor Viral infections Virology Womens health Young Adult γ-Interferon |
| title | Effect of pregnancy on anti-HEV antibody titres, plasma cytokines and the corresponding gene expression levels in the PBMCs of patients presenting with self-recovering clinical and subclinical hepatitis E |
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