Premature decline of serum total testosterone in HIV-infected men in the HAART-era
Testosterone (T) deficiency remains a poorly understood issue in men with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). We investigated the gonadal status in HIV-infected men in order to characterize T deficiency and to identify predictive factors for low serum T. We performed a cross-sectional, observational...
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| Veröffentlicht in: | PloS one 2011-12, Vol.6 (12), p.e28512-e28512 |
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| creator | Rochira, Vincenzo Zirilli, Lucia Orlando, Gabriella Santi, Daniele Brigante, Giulia Diazzi, Chiara Carli, Federica Carani, Cesare Guaraldi, Giovanni |
| description | Testosterone (T) deficiency remains a poorly understood issue in men with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). We investigated the gonadal status in HIV-infected men in order to characterize T deficiency and to identify predictive factors for low serum T.
We performed a cross-sectional, observational study on 1325 consecutive HIV male outpatients, most of them having lipodystrophy. Serum total T |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1371/journal.pone.0028512 |
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We performed a cross-sectional, observational study on 1325 consecutive HIV male outpatients, most of them having lipodystrophy. Serum total T<300 ng/dL was used as the threshold for biochemical T deficiency. Morning serum total T, luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, HIV parameters, and body composition parameters by CT-scan and Dual-Energy-X-ray-Absorptiometry were measured in each case. Sexual behavior was evaluated in a subset of 247 patients. T deficiency was found in 212 subjects, especially in the age range 40-59, but was frequent even in younger patients. T deficiency occurred mainly in association with low/normal serum LH. Adiposity was higher in subjects with T deficiency (p<0.0001) and both visceral adipose tissue and body mass index were the main negative predictors of serum total T. Osteoporosis and erectile dysfunction were present in a similar percentage in men with or without T deficiency.
Premature decline of serum T is common (16%) among young/middle-aged HIV-infected men and is associated with inappropriately low/normal LH and increased visceral fat. T deficiency occurs at a young age and may be considered an element of the process of premature or accelerated aging known to be associated with HIV infection. The role of HIV and/or HIV infection treatments, as well as the role of the general health state on the gonadal axis, remains, in fact, to be elucidated. Due to the low specificity of signs and symptoms of hypogonadism in the context of HIV, caution is needed in the diagnosis of hypogonadism in HIV-infected men with biochemical low serum T levels.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1932-6203</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028512</identifier><identifier>PMID: 22174826</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>United States: Public Library of Science</publisher><subject>17β-Estradiol ; Accuracy ; Adipose tissue ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aging ; Androgens ; Antiretroviral agents ; Antiretroviral drugs ; Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active ; Biocompatibility ; Biology ; Biomedical materials ; Body composition ; Body mass ; Body mass index ; Body size ; Clinical medicine ; Cohort Studies ; Computed tomography ; Drug therapy ; Endocrinology ; Energy measurement ; Erectile dysfunction ; Estradiol ; Estrogen receptors ; Geriatrics ; Glycoproteins ; Highly active antiretroviral therapy ; HIV ; HIV infections ; HIV Infections - blood ; HIV Infections - drug therapy ; HIV Infections - physiopathology ; HIV patients ; Hormones ; Human immunodeficiency virus ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Hypogonadism - blood ; Hypogonadism - complications ; Hypogonadism - physiopathology ; Impotence ; Infections ; Linear Models ; Lipodystrophy ; Luteinizing hormone ; Male ; Medicine ; Men ; Metabolism ; Middle Aged ; Osteoporosis ; Patients ; Penile Erection - physiology ; Physiological aspects ; Pituitary hormones ; Sex hormones ; Sexual behavior ; Sexually transmitted diseases ; Signs and symptoms ; STD ; Testosterone ; Testosterone - blood ; Tropical diseases ; Viruses ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>PloS one, 2011-12, Vol.6 (12), p.e28512-e28512</ispartof><rights>COPYRIGHT 2011 Public Library of Science</rights><rights>2011 Rochira et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><rights>Rochira et al. 2011</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c757t-141da5076d15636ac9e212323d17fa64fd7f0d2c5f8964626f9cce5642d9f0c3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c757t-141da5076d15636ac9e212323d17fa64fd7f0d2c5f8964626f9cce5642d9f0c3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3235128/pdf/$$EPDF$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3235128/$$EHTML$$P50$$Gpubmedcentral$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>230,314,723,776,780,860,881,2096,2915,23845,27901,27902,53766,53768,79342,79343</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22174826$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Rochira, Vincenzo</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Zirilli, Lucia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Orlando, Gabriella</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Santi, Daniele</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brigante, Giulia</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Diazzi, Chiara</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carli, Federica</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carani, Cesare</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Guaraldi, Giovanni</creatorcontrib><title>Premature decline of serum total testosterone in HIV-infected men in the HAART-era</title><title>PloS one</title><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><description>Testosterone (T) deficiency remains a poorly understood issue in men with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). We investigated the gonadal status in HIV-infected men in order to characterize T deficiency and to identify predictive factors for low serum T.
We performed a cross-sectional, observational study on 1325 consecutive HIV male outpatients, most of them having lipodystrophy. Serum total T<300 ng/dL was used as the threshold for biochemical T deficiency. Morning serum total T, luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, HIV parameters, and body composition parameters by CT-scan and Dual-Energy-X-ray-Absorptiometry were measured in each case. Sexual behavior was evaluated in a subset of 247 patients. T deficiency was found in 212 subjects, especially in the age range 40-59, but was frequent even in younger patients. T deficiency occurred mainly in association with low/normal serum LH. Adiposity was higher in subjects with T deficiency (p<0.0001) and both visceral adipose tissue and body mass index were the main negative predictors of serum total T. Osteoporosis and erectile dysfunction were present in a similar percentage in men with or without T deficiency.
Premature decline of serum T is common (16%) among young/middle-aged HIV-infected men and is associated with inappropriately low/normal LH and increased visceral fat. T deficiency occurs at a young age and may be considered an element of the process of premature or accelerated aging known to be associated with HIV infection. The role of HIV and/or HIV infection treatments, as well as the role of the general health state on the gonadal axis, remains, in fact, to be elucidated. Due to the low specificity of signs and symptoms of hypogonadism in the context of HIV, caution is needed in the diagnosis of hypogonadism in HIV-infected men with biochemical low serum T levels.</description><subject>17β-Estradiol</subject><subject>Accuracy</subject><subject>Adipose tissue</subject><subject>Adolescent</subject><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Aged</subject><subject>Aging</subject><subject>Androgens</subject><subject>Antiretroviral agents</subject><subject>Antiretroviral drugs</subject><subject>Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active</subject><subject>Biocompatibility</subject><subject>Biology</subject><subject>Biomedical materials</subject><subject>Body composition</subject><subject>Body mass</subject><subject>Body mass index</subject><subject>Body size</subject><subject>Clinical medicine</subject><subject>Cohort Studies</subject><subject>Computed tomography</subject><subject>Drug therapy</subject><subject>Endocrinology</subject><subject>Energy measurement</subject><subject>Erectile dysfunction</subject><subject>Estradiol</subject><subject>Estrogen receptors</subject><subject>Geriatrics</subject><subject>Glycoproteins</subject><subject>Highly active antiretroviral therapy</subject><subject>HIV</subject><subject>HIV infections</subject><subject>HIV Infections - blood</subject><subject>HIV Infections - drug therapy</subject><subject>HIV Infections - physiopathology</subject><subject>HIV patients</subject><subject>Hormones</subject><subject>Human immunodeficiency virus</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hypogonadism</subject><subject>Hypogonadism - blood</subject><subject>Hypogonadism - complications</subject><subject>Hypogonadism - physiopathology</subject><subject>Impotence</subject><subject>Infections</subject><subject>Linear Models</subject><subject>Lipodystrophy</subject><subject>Luteinizing hormone</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Medicine</subject><subject>Men</subject><subject>Metabolism</subject><subject>Middle Aged</subject><subject>Osteoporosis</subject><subject>Patients</subject><subject>Penile Erection - physiology</subject><subject>Physiological aspects</subject><subject>Pituitary hormones</subject><subject>Sex hormones</subject><subject>Sexual behavior</subject><subject>Sexually transmitted diseases</subject><subject>Signs and symptoms</subject><subject>STD</subject><subject>Testosterone</subject><subject>Testosterone - 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Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals</collection><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Rochira, Vincenzo</au><au>Zirilli, Lucia</au><au>Orlando, Gabriella</au><au>Santi, Daniele</au><au>Brigante, Giulia</au><au>Diazzi, Chiara</au><au>Carli, Federica</au><au>Carani, Cesare</au><au>Guaraldi, Giovanni</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Premature decline of serum total testosterone in HIV-infected men in the HAART-era</atitle><jtitle>PloS one</jtitle><addtitle>PLoS One</addtitle><date>2011-12-09</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>6</volume><issue>12</issue><spage>e28512</spage><epage>e28512</epage><pages>e28512-e28512</pages><issn>1932-6203</issn><eissn>1932-6203</eissn><abstract>Testosterone (T) deficiency remains a poorly understood issue in men with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). We investigated the gonadal status in HIV-infected men in order to characterize T deficiency and to identify predictive factors for low serum T.
We performed a cross-sectional, observational study on 1325 consecutive HIV male outpatients, most of them having lipodystrophy. Serum total T<300 ng/dL was used as the threshold for biochemical T deficiency. Morning serum total T, luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol, HIV parameters, and body composition parameters by CT-scan and Dual-Energy-X-ray-Absorptiometry were measured in each case. Sexual behavior was evaluated in a subset of 247 patients. T deficiency was found in 212 subjects, especially in the age range 40-59, but was frequent even in younger patients. T deficiency occurred mainly in association with low/normal serum LH. Adiposity was higher in subjects with T deficiency (p<0.0001) and both visceral adipose tissue and body mass index were the main negative predictors of serum total T. Osteoporosis and erectile dysfunction were present in a similar percentage in men with or without T deficiency.
Premature decline of serum T is common (16%) among young/middle-aged HIV-infected men and is associated with inappropriately low/normal LH and increased visceral fat. T deficiency occurs at a young age and may be considered an element of the process of premature or accelerated aging known to be associated with HIV infection. The role of HIV and/or HIV infection treatments, as well as the role of the general health state on the gonadal axis, remains, in fact, to be elucidated. Due to the low specificity of signs and symptoms of hypogonadism in the context of HIV, caution is needed in the diagnosis of hypogonadism in HIV-infected men with biochemical low serum T levels.</abstract><cop>United States</cop><pub>Public Library of Science</pub><pmid>22174826</pmid><doi>10.1371/journal.pone.0028512</doi><tpages>e28512</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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| recordid | cdi_plos_journals_1312169274 |
| source | Public Library of Science (PLoS) Journals Open Access; MEDLINE; DOAJ Directory of Open Access Journals; EZB-FREE-00999 freely available EZB journals; PubMed Central; Free Full-Text Journals in Chemistry |
| subjects | 17β-Estradiol Accuracy Adipose tissue Adolescent Adult Aged Aging Androgens Antiretroviral agents Antiretroviral drugs Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active Biocompatibility Biology Biomedical materials Body composition Body mass Body mass index Body size Clinical medicine Cohort Studies Computed tomography Drug therapy Endocrinology Energy measurement Erectile dysfunction Estradiol Estrogen receptors Geriatrics Glycoproteins Highly active antiretroviral therapy HIV HIV infections HIV Infections - blood HIV Infections - drug therapy HIV Infections - physiopathology HIV patients Hormones Human immunodeficiency virus Humans Hypogonadism Hypogonadism - blood Hypogonadism - complications Hypogonadism - physiopathology Impotence Infections Linear Models Lipodystrophy Luteinizing hormone Male Medicine Men Metabolism Middle Aged Osteoporosis Patients Penile Erection - physiology Physiological aspects Pituitary hormones Sex hormones Sexual behavior Sexually transmitted diseases Signs and symptoms STD Testosterone Testosterone - blood Tropical diseases Viruses Young Adult |
| title | Premature decline of serum total testosterone in HIV-infected men in the HAART-era |
| url | https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-07T21%3A59%3A33IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-gale_plos_&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Premature%20decline%20of%20serum%20total%20testosterone%20in%20HIV-infected%20men%20in%20the%20HAART-era&rft.jtitle=PloS%20one&rft.au=Rochira,%20Vincenzo&rft.date=2011-12-09&rft.volume=6&rft.issue=12&rft.spage=e28512&rft.epage=e28512&rft.pages=e28512-e28512&rft.issn=1932-6203&rft.eissn=1932-6203&rft_id=info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0028512&rft_dat=%3Cgale_plos_%3EA476860748%3C/gale_plos_%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=1312169274&rft_id=info:pmid/22174826&rft_galeid=A476860748&rft_doaj_id=oai_doaj_org_article_a571e45ed38442a58e712c7d34cd9684&rfr_iscdi=true |