Biquadratic current-mode filters using a single CCI

The first generation current conveyor (CCI) permits the implementation of feedback of the response in current-mode circuits without sacrificing the high output impedance of the output port. This feature of CCI circuits, which is not inherently available in circuits containing a single second generation current conveyor, is exploited to realize new second-order, complex-pole current-mode low-pass, band-pass, and high-pass networks. These new circuits utilize a single CCI as their only active element. The new circuits' passive sensitivities and frequency limitations are described and laboratory results are presented.