Energy-Saving Cluster Formation Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

In this paper, we propose an efficient energy-saving cluster formation algorithm (ECFA) with sleep mode. ECFA can achieve energy efficient routing with the following two properties. First, ECFA reconfigures clusters with fair cluster formations, in which all nodes in a sensor network can consume their energies evenly. In order to achieve fair cluster regions, ECFA does not require any information on the location and energy of nodes. Second, by letting nodes very close to just elected cluster head be in sleep mode, ECFA can reduce unnecessary energy consumptions. Performances of ECFA are compared with LEACH and LEACH-C in the cases of the static and mobile nodes.