An ultrahigh-speed one-dimensional detector for use in synchrotron radiation spectroscopy: first photoemission results

We report on the design and construction of a next-generation, ultrahigh-speed, one-dimensional detector for electron and other spectroscopies, and discuss some first experimental results obtained with it. This detector is capable of recording spectra over 768 channels with ∼1.5 channels (∼75 μm) resolution and with good linearity up to countrates of >1 MHz per channel or >1 GHz overall. In first experiments with it, photoelectron spectra spanning several hundred channels of resolution have been obtained in as little as 50 ms; with future system improvements, this time should be reduced to 150 μs. The data obtained include rapid X-ray photoelectron diffraction scans and time-resolved core-level observations of a surface reaction process. This detector should open up several types of new experiment, including more rapid real-time observations of surface reaction kinetics by means of inner-shell spectroscopies.