Extendible-energy synchrotrons

Synchrotron guide-field arrangements have been developed that provide for a convinient and economical later increase in energy by the addition of components omitted in the initial construction. Criteria for the design of such an accelerator include new considerations such as emphasis on small circumference to reduce initial costs and on magnet configurations for both stages that have similar orbit behavior and that require little realignment of replacement of the original magnets in the conversion. Space added for future components might also be useful to improve the accelerator in other directions. Thus, at modest cost, the initial layout would afford, in addition to specific provision for conversion to higher energy, a more general flexibility for response to future needs and exploitation of future technology.