Effect of Orientation of Ice Crystals in Cirrus on Direct and Scattered Solar Radiation Fluxes

The problem of solar radiation transfer by cirrus containing horizontally oriented ice crystals urgent today is considered. The results of a complex radiation experiment are described in which solar radiation fluxes at the Earth’s surface are measured and high-level clouds are vertically sensed by a polarization lidar. The lidar allows the full backscattering phase matrix (BSPM) to be determined. The degree of orientation of ice crystals in cirrus is estimated from the form of the BSPM elements and their interrelations. It is shown experimentally for the first time that the degree of orientation of crystalline particles in cirrus has a significant effect on the direct and scattered solar radiation fluxes arriving at the Earth’s surface.