Features of the Development of Electron-Optical Systems for Pulsed Terahertz Traveling-Wave Tubes (Review)

We present an analysis of the current state and development of pulsed amplifying traveling-wave tubes for terahertz radiation operation at frequencies of at least 200 GHz, as well as the development prospects of the principles of creating electron-optical and magnetic systems. The possibility of using field emission cathodes based on carbon nanotubes for constructing an electron-optical system with the compression of a sheet beam is discussed. A numerical simulation of a field emission electron gun forming a sheet electron beam for traveling-wave tubes of the terahertz range is carried out.