Rogue Waves in Multi-Ion Cometary Plasmas

The effect of pair ions on the formation of rogue waves in a six-component plasma composed of two hot and one colder electron component, hot ions, and pair ions is studied. The kappa distribution, which provides an unambiguous replacement for a Maxwellian distribution in space plasmas, is connected with nonextensive statistical mechanics and provides a continuous energy spectrum. Hence, the colder and one component of the hotter electrons is modeled by kappa distributions and the other hot electron component, by a q -nonextensive distribution. It is found that the rogue wave amplitude is different for various pair-ion components. The magnitude, however, increases with increasing spectral index and nonextensive parameter q . These results may be useful in understanding the basic characteristics of rogue waves in cometary plasmas.