Search for 14.4 keV solar axions emitted in the M1-transition of {sup 57}Fe nuclei with CAST

We have searched for 14.4 keV solar axions or more general axion-like particles (ALPs), that may be emitted in the M1 nuclear transition of {sup 57}Fe, by using the axion-to-photon conversion in the CERN Axion Solar Telescope (CAST) with evacuated magnet bores (Phase I). From the absence of excess of the monoenergetic X-rays when the magnet was pointing to the Sun, we set model-independent constraints on the coupling constants of pseudoscalar particles that couple to two photons and to a nucleon g{sub aγ}|−1.19g{sub aN}{sup 0}+g{sub aN}{sup 3}| < 1.36 × 10{sup −16} GeV{sup −1} for m{sub a} < 0.03 eV at the 95% confidence level.