Rapid solid-state synthesis of binary group 15 chalcogenides using microwave irradiation

Solid-state microwave synthesis was found to provide a simple, rapid and economical route to prepare Sb 2Se 3, Sb 2Te 3, Bi 2Se 3 and Bi 2Te 3. These technologically important materials were prepared via solid-state microwave synthesis in as little as 4 min. Through the process of finding the ideal synthetic conditions with which to produce each of these compounds, the effects that several synthetic variables have on the reaction outcomes were explored. Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis and diffuse reflectance measurements, when appropriate, were used to characterize the materials. Solid-state microwave synthesis offers a fast, economical and green route for the preparation of Sb 2Se 3, Sb 2Te 3, Bi 2Se 3 and Bi 2Te 3 (shown in graphic) in only 4 min. Through the process of preparing these materials in pure form, the effects that several reaction variables, including sample quantity, irradiation time and sample geometry, have on the outcome of the reactions were documented.