The effect of triple-junction drag on grain growth

Current theories of grain growth presume that grain boundary migration is the rate-limiting step, and either explicitly or implicitly assume that triple junctions can always move with sufficient speed to accommodate the changing positions of the grain boundaries. Following from some recent observations of triple-junction drag effects in tricrystals of zinc and in molecular dynamics models, an analytical theory is developed to explore the effects of triple-junction drag upon grain growth, for a two-dimensional solid. The theory is developed in the framework of the Von Neumann–Mullins formulation, and demonstrates that drag effects operating exclusively at the triple junctions result in a retardation of grain growth. The stability of six-sided grains in the isotropic, drag-free case of the Von Neumann–Mullins analysis is successively extended to grains of 6± N sides, where N increases with the strength of the triple-junction drag.