Interaction of Th with H0/–/+: Combined Experimental and Theoretical Thermodynamic Properties

High-level electronic structure calculations of the low-lying energy electronic states for ThH, ThH–, and ThH+ are reported and compared to experimental measurements. The inclusion of spin–orbit coupling is critical to predict the ground-state ordering as inclusion of spin–orbit switches the coupled-cluster CCSD­(T) ordering of the two lowest energy states for ThH and ThH+. At the multireference spin–orbit SO-CASPT2 level, the ground states of ThH, ThH–, and ThH+ are predicted to be the 2Δ3/2, 3Φ2, and 3Δ1 states, respectively. The adiabatic electron affinity is calculated to be 0.820 eV, and the vertical detachment energy is calculated to be 0.832 eV in comparison to an experimental value of 0.87 ± 0.02 eV. The observed ThH– photoelectron spectrum has many transitions, which approximately correlate with excitations of Th+ and/or Th. The adiabatic ionization energy of ThH including spin–orbit corrections is calculated to be 6.181 eV. The natural bond orbital results are consistent with a significant contribution of the Th+H– ionic configuration to the bonding in ThH. The bond dissociation energies for ThH, ThH–, and ThH+ using the Feller–Peterson–Dixon approach were calculated to be similar for all three molecules and lie between 259 and 280 kJ/mol.