A Combined Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of Arene-Supported Actinide and Ytterbium Tetraphenolate Complexes

Modular tetraphenolate ligands tethered with a protective arene platform (para-phenyl or para-terphenyl) are used to support mononuclear An­(IV) (An = Th, U) complexes with an exceptionally large and open axial coordination site at the metal. The base-free complexes and a series of neutral donor adducts were synthesized and characterized by spectroscopies and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Anionic Th­(IV) -ate complexes with an additional axial aryloxide ligand were also synthesized and characterized. The para-phenyl-tethered mononuclear complexes exhibit rare An­(IV)–arene interactions, and the An­(IV)–arene distance broadly increases with axial donor strength. The para-terphenyl-tethered complexes have almost no interaction with the arene base, isolating the central metal cation. Computational analysis of the mononuclear complexes and their reduced analogues, and Yb­(III) congeners, as well as the effect of additional donor ligand binding, seek to elucidate the electronic structure of the metal–arene interactions and establish whether they, or their reduced or oxidized counterparts, could function as molecular qubits.