The Dependence of Mean Climate State on Shortwave Absorption by Water Vapor
State-of-the-art climate models exhibit significant spread in the climatological value of atmospheric shortwave absorption (SWA). This study investigates both the possible causes and climatic impacts of this SWA intermodel spread. The intermodel spread of global-mean SWA largely originates from the...
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Veröffentlicht in: | Journal of climate 2022-04, Vol.35 (7), p.2189-2207 |
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description | State-of-the-art climate models exhibit significant spread in the climatological value of atmospheric shortwave absorption (SWA). This study investigates both the possible causes and climatic impacts of this SWA intermodel spread. The intermodel spread of global-mean SWA largely originates from the intermodel difference in water vapor shortwave absorptivity. Hence, we alter the water vapor shortwave absorptivity in the Community Earth System Model, version 1, with the Community Atmosphere Model, version 4 (CESM1-CAM4). Increasing the water vapor shortwave absorptivity leads to a reduction in global-mean precipitation and a La Niña–like cooling over the tropical Pacific. The global-mean atmospheric energy budget suggests that the precipitation is suppressed as a way to compensate for the increased SWA. The precipitation reduction is driven by the weakened surface winds, stabilized planetary boundary layer, and surface cooling. The La Niña–like cooling over the tropical Pacific is attributed to the zonal asymmetry of climatological evaporative damping efficiency and the low cloud enhancement over the eastern basin. Complementary fixed SSTs simulations suggest that the latter is more fundamental and that it primarily arises from atmospheric processes. Consistent with our experiments, the CMIP5/6 models with a higher global-mean SWA tend to produce tropical Pacific toward a more La Niña–like mean state, highlighting the possible role of water vapor shortwave absorptivity for shaping the mean-state climate patterns. |
doi_str_mv | 10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0417.1 |
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This study investigates both the possible causes and climatic impacts of this SWA intermodel spread. The intermodel spread of global-mean SWA largely originates from the intermodel difference in water vapor shortwave absorptivity. Hence, we alter the water vapor shortwave absorptivity in the Community Earth System Model, version 1, with the Community Atmosphere Model, version 4 (CESM1-CAM4). Increasing the water vapor shortwave absorptivity leads to a reduction in global-mean precipitation and a La Niña–like cooling over the tropical Pacific. The global-mean atmospheric energy budget suggests that the precipitation is suppressed as a way to compensate for the increased SWA. The precipitation reduction is driven by the weakened surface winds, stabilized planetary boundary layer, and surface cooling. The La Niña–like cooling over the tropical Pacific is attributed to the zonal asymmetry of climatological evaporative damping efficiency and the low cloud enhancement over the eastern basin. Complementary fixed SSTs simulations suggest that the latter is more fundamental and that it primarily arises from atmospheric processes. Consistent with our experiments, the CMIP5/6 models with a higher global-mean SWA tend to produce tropical Pacific toward a more La Niña–like mean state, highlighting the possible role of water vapor shortwave absorptivity for shaping the mean-state climate patterns.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0894-8755</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1520-0442</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0417.1</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Boston: American Meteorological Society</publisher><subject>Absorption ; Absorption coefficient ; Absorptivity ; Atmospheric absorption ; Atmospheric models ; Atmospheric processes ; Boundary layer stability ; Boundary layers ; Climate ; Climate models ; Cooling ; Damping ; El Nino phenomena ; Energy budget ; La Nina ; Low clouds ; Mean precipitation ; Modelling ; Planetary boundary layer ; Precipitation ; Reduction ; Surface chemistry ; Surface cooling ; Surface wind ; Tropical atmosphere ; Tropical climate ; Water vapor ; Water vapor absorption ; Water vapour ; Winds</subject><ispartof>Journal of climate, 2022-04, Vol.35 (7), p.2189-2207</ispartof><rights>Copyright American Meteorological Society Apr 2022</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c340t-2ccdcda4e605b166b2b741ace61493d4dfea595b22c0cbd467153b67b04fc31a3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c340t-2ccdcda4e605b166b2b741ace61493d4dfea595b22c0cbd467153b67b04fc31a3</cites><orcidid>0000-0003-4635-275X ; 000000034635275X</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>230,314,780,784,885,3681,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.osti.gov/biblio/1855861$$D View this record in Osti.gov$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Kim, Hanjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pendergrass, Angeline G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kang, Sarah M.</creatorcontrib><title>The Dependence of Mean Climate State on Shortwave Absorption by Water Vapor</title><title>Journal of climate</title><description>State-of-the-art climate models exhibit significant spread in the climatological value of atmospheric shortwave absorption (SWA). This study investigates both the possible causes and climatic impacts of this SWA intermodel spread. The intermodel spread of global-mean SWA largely originates from the intermodel difference in water vapor shortwave absorptivity. Hence, we alter the water vapor shortwave absorptivity in the Community Earth System Model, version 1, with the Community Atmosphere Model, version 4 (CESM1-CAM4). Increasing the water vapor shortwave absorptivity leads to a reduction in global-mean precipitation and a La Niña–like cooling over the tropical Pacific. The global-mean atmospheric energy budget suggests that the precipitation is suppressed as a way to compensate for the increased SWA. The precipitation reduction is driven by the weakened surface winds, stabilized planetary boundary layer, and surface cooling. The La Niña–like cooling over the tropical Pacific is attributed to the zonal asymmetry of climatological evaporative damping efficiency and the low cloud enhancement over the eastern basin. Complementary fixed SSTs simulations suggest that the latter is more fundamental and that it primarily arises from atmospheric processes. Consistent with our experiments, the CMIP5/6 models with a higher global-mean SWA tend to produce tropical Pacific toward a more La Niña–like mean state, highlighting the possible role of water vapor shortwave absorptivity for shaping the mean-state climate patterns.</description><subject>Absorption</subject><subject>Absorption coefficient</subject><subject>Absorptivity</subject><subject>Atmospheric absorption</subject><subject>Atmospheric models</subject><subject>Atmospheric processes</subject><subject>Boundary layer stability</subject><subject>Boundary layers</subject><subject>Climate</subject><subject>Climate models</subject><subject>Cooling</subject><subject>Damping</subject><subject>El Nino phenomena</subject><subject>Energy budget</subject><subject>La Nina</subject><subject>Low clouds</subject><subject>Mean precipitation</subject><subject>Modelling</subject><subject>Planetary boundary layer</subject><subject>Precipitation</subject><subject>Reduction</subject><subject>Surface chemistry</subject><subject>Surface cooling</subject><subject>Surface wind</subject><subject>Tropical atmosphere</subject><subject>Tropical climate</subject><subject>Water vapor</subject><subject>Water vapor absorption</subject><subject>Water vapour</subject><subject>Winds</subject><issn>0894-8755</issn><issn>1520-0442</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2022</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNotkEtPwzAMgCMEEmNw5xjBuSNO82iP08ZjMMRhA45RkqZap9GUJAPt39NqXGzZ_mTZH0LXQCYAkt89z5aLbJ5RyAgDOYETNAJOSV8xeopGpChZVkjOz9FFjFtCgApCRuhlvXF47jrXVq61Dvsavzrd4tmu-dLJ4VUaom_xauND-tU_Dk9N9KFLTd80B_zZzwP-0J0Pl-is1rvorv7zGL0_3K9nT9ny7XExmy4zmzOSMmptZSvNnCDcgBCGGslAWyeAlXnFqtppXnJDqSXWVExI4LkR0hBW2xx0PkY3x70-pkZF2yRnN9a3rbNJQcF5IaCHbo9QF_z33sWktn4f2v4uRYXkoiyZLHuKHCkbfIzB1aoL_ePhoICowasavKq5oqAGrwryP3shaio</recordid><startdate>20220401</startdate><enddate>20220401</enddate><creator>Kim, Hanjun</creator><creator>Pendergrass, Angeline G.</creator><creator>Kang, Sarah M.</creator><general>American Meteorological Society</general><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QH</scope><scope>7TG</scope><scope>7UA</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>F1W</scope><scope>H96</scope><scope>KL.</scope><scope>L.G</scope><scope>OTOTI</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4635-275X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/000000034635275X</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20220401</creationdate><title>The Dependence of Mean Climate State on Shortwave Absorption by Water Vapor</title><author>Kim, Hanjun ; Pendergrass, Angeline G. ; Kang, Sarah M.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c340t-2ccdcda4e605b166b2b741ace61493d4dfea595b22c0cbd467153b67b04fc31a3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2022</creationdate><topic>Absorption</topic><topic>Absorption coefficient</topic><topic>Absorptivity</topic><topic>Atmospheric absorption</topic><topic>Atmospheric models</topic><topic>Atmospheric processes</topic><topic>Boundary layer stability</topic><topic>Boundary layers</topic><topic>Climate</topic><topic>Climate models</topic><topic>Cooling</topic><topic>Damping</topic><topic>El Nino phenomena</topic><topic>Energy budget</topic><topic>La Nina</topic><topic>Low clouds</topic><topic>Mean precipitation</topic><topic>Modelling</topic><topic>Planetary boundary layer</topic><topic>Precipitation</topic><topic>Reduction</topic><topic>Surface chemistry</topic><topic>Surface cooling</topic><topic>Surface wind</topic><topic>Tropical atmosphere</topic><topic>Tropical climate</topic><topic>Water vapor</topic><topic>Water vapor absorption</topic><topic>Water vapour</topic><topic>Winds</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Kim, Hanjun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pendergrass, Angeline G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kang, Sarah M.</creatorcontrib><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aqualine</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts</collection><collection>Water Resources Abstracts</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>ASFA: Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) 2: Ocean Technology, Policy & Non-Living Resources</collection><collection>Meteorological & Geoastrophysical Abstracts - Academic</collection><collection>Aquatic Science & Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA) Professional</collection><collection>OSTI.GOV</collection><jtitle>Journal of climate</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Kim, Hanjun</au><au>Pendergrass, Angeline G.</au><au>Kang, Sarah M.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The Dependence of Mean Climate State on Shortwave Absorption by Water Vapor</atitle><jtitle>Journal of climate</jtitle><date>2022-04-01</date><risdate>2022</risdate><volume>35</volume><issue>7</issue><spage>2189</spage><epage>2207</epage><pages>2189-2207</pages><issn>0894-8755</issn><eissn>1520-0442</eissn><abstract>State-of-the-art climate models exhibit significant spread in the climatological value of atmospheric shortwave absorption (SWA). This study investigates both the possible causes and climatic impacts of this SWA intermodel spread. The intermodel spread of global-mean SWA largely originates from the intermodel difference in water vapor shortwave absorptivity. Hence, we alter the water vapor shortwave absorptivity in the Community Earth System Model, version 1, with the Community Atmosphere Model, version 4 (CESM1-CAM4). Increasing the water vapor shortwave absorptivity leads to a reduction in global-mean precipitation and a La Niña–like cooling over the tropical Pacific. The global-mean atmospheric energy budget suggests that the precipitation is suppressed as a way to compensate for the increased SWA. The precipitation reduction is driven by the weakened surface winds, stabilized planetary boundary layer, and surface cooling. The La Niña–like cooling over the tropical Pacific is attributed to the zonal asymmetry of climatological evaporative damping efficiency and the low cloud enhancement over the eastern basin. Complementary fixed SSTs simulations suggest that the latter is more fundamental and that it primarily arises from atmospheric processes. Consistent with our experiments, the CMIP5/6 models with a higher global-mean SWA tend to produce tropical Pacific toward a more La Niña–like mean state, highlighting the possible role of water vapor shortwave absorptivity for shaping the mean-state climate patterns.</abstract><cop>Boston</cop><pub>American Meteorological Society</pub><doi>10.1175/JCLI-D-21-0417.1</doi><tpages>19</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4635-275X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/000000034635275X</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Absorption Absorption coefficient Absorptivity Atmospheric absorption Atmospheric models Atmospheric processes Boundary layer stability Boundary layers Climate Climate models Cooling Damping El Nino phenomena Energy budget La Nina Low clouds Mean precipitation Modelling Planetary boundary layer Precipitation Reduction Surface chemistry Surface cooling Surface wind Tropical atmosphere Tropical climate Water vapor Water vapor absorption Water vapour Winds |
title | The Dependence of Mean Climate State on Shortwave Absorption by Water Vapor |
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