Solution-Based, Template-Assisted Realization of Large-Scale Graphitic ZnO

With a honeycomb single-atomic-layer structure similar to those of graphene and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), the graphitic phase of ZnO (gZnO) have been predicted to offer many advantages for engineering, including high-temperature stability in ambient conditions and great potential in heterostructure applications. However, there is little experimental data about this hexagonal phase due to the difficulty of synthesizing large-area gZnO for characterization and applications. In this work, we demonstrate a solution-based approach to realize gZnO nanoflakes with thicknesses down to a monolayer and sizes up to 20 μm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy, photoluminescence, atomic force microscopy, and electron microscopy characterizations are conducted on synthesized gZnO samples. Measurements show significant changes to the electronic band structure compared to its bulk phase, including an increase of the band gap to 4.8 eV. The gZnO nanosheets also exhibit excellent stability at temperatures as high as 800 °C in ambient environment. This wide band gap layered material provides us with a platform for harsh environment electronic devices, deep ultraviolet optical applications, and a practical alternative for hBN. Our synthesis method may also be applied to achieve other types of 2D oxides.