Anterior Chest Wall Involvement in Spondyloarthritis Patients as Detected by Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Case Series and Literature Review

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an important role in diagnosing and classifying axial spondyloarthritis (SpA) and is also useful for appropriate evaluation of disease status owing to its ability to detect inflammation early and reveal structural changes. However, dedicated MRI for the anterior chest wall (ACW) is not routinely considered despite relatively frequent presence of ACW lesions. To date, no study has investigated the imaging findings and clinical features of ACW involvement in Korean SpA patients. Thus, we aimed to show ACW involvement in SpA patients using ACW lesions found by MRI. We describe 20 cases of ACW involvement in which MRI-detected manubriosternal joint lesions. The lesion types included subchondral bone marrow edema, marginal or central bone erosions, subchondral fat infiltration or deposition, and ankylosis, with erosions being the most prevalent finding. We also provide the literature review results describing MRI findings of ACW lesions in SpA patients.