Therapeutic effects of ginsenosides on breast cancer growth and metastasis

Breast cancer is the most common cause ofcancer-related deaths among women worldwide. Thus, thedevelopment of new and eff ective low-toxicity drugs is vital. The specifi c characteristics of breast cancer have allowed forthe development of targeted therapy towards each breast cancersubtype. Nevertheless, increasing drug resistance is displayedby the changing phenotype and microenvironmentsof the tumor through mutation or dysregulation of variousmechanisms. Recently, emerging data on the therapeuticpotential of biocompounds isolated from ginseng have beenreported. Therefore, in this review, various roles of ginsenosidesin the treatment of breast cancer, including apoptosis,autophagy, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition,epigenetic changes, combination therapy, and drug deliverysystem, have been discussed. KCI Citation Count: 16