高麗 中期 輸入 中國白磁의 系統과 性格

The aim of this paper is to determine the circumstances that made the introduction of Chinese white porcelain to Goryeo inevitable, and to examine the place of origin and characteristics of Chinese white porcelain excavated in Korea. Firstly, imported white porcelain can be regarded as a substitute for Goryeo white porcelain. Production conditions in the mid-Goryeo period were such that Goryeo white porcelain could not be mass produced, while its lack of hardness made it less practical than celadon. It appears, however, that Goryeo’s upper classes were already amply aware of the existence of Chinese hard white porcelain, having learned of it through various channels. The rapid increase in exchange with the Song Dynasty in the mid-Goryeo period brought more opportunities for trade between Song and Goryeo merchants, which would have led to an explosion in imports of ceramics. In these circumstances, introduction of white porcelain surpassed that of celadon. This was related to the poor state of white porcelain production in Goryeo and is deemed to have enabled the habitual use of Chinese white porcelain in Goryeo, as a replacement for its Goryeo counterpart. Secondly, sites in Korea where imported Chinese white porcelain was excavated indicate that it is highly likely to have been possessed exclusively by the upper classes. The highest quality and most varied imported white porcelain from the mid-Goryeo period was excavated from tombs in Gaeseong. At the time, Gaeseong was the consumer capital of the country and was inhabited by upper-class families. Chinese white porcelain has also been excavated frequently at the sites of large Buddhist temples and at old tombs, predominantly enclosed stone tombs. It is therefore presumed that those of special status, such as Buddhist clergy and low-ranking local officials, or wealthy landowners, constituted a secondary principal group of white porcelain consumers. Thirdly, imported white porcelain had at least a partial influence on the shape of Goryeo ceramics. Goryeo white porcelain corresponds largely to celadon in terms of type and form, but relatively fewer types of vessel were produced in comparison to the number of types of celadon vessel. It certain that the patterns of Chinese Ding Yao white porcelain and the forms of Chinese Jingdezhen Yao white porcelain influenced the vessel types and patterns of Goryeo celadon. Fourthly, imported Chinese white porcelain played an important role in consumption in the Goryeo pe