Chrysanthemum zawadskii extract activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and has an anti-inflammatory activity : Potential interest for the skin barrier function

Chrysanthemum zawadskii extract (CZE) was investigated to determine its effects on the transactivation activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR)-responsive element (PPRE) and activity of anti-inflammatory for improvement of skin barrier function. The treatment with CZE resulted in a significant increase in the transactivation activity of PPRE such as PPAR-α and suppression in the TNF-α-, IL-6-induced NF-κB luciferase activity and NO production. In addition, CZE promotes the expression of protein related to cornified envelope (CE) formation such as involucrin. Therefore, these results indicate that CZE can restore skin barrier homeostasis and is suggested to be an appropriate skin therapeutic agent.