우세안과 비우세안의 굴절이상

목적: 우세안의 결정에 관여하는 요소 중 굴절이상에 대하여 분석하여 우세안과 비우세안과의 차이를 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 근시성 난시 환자 62명을 대상으로 양안 시력교정 후, hole-in-the-card test의 방법을 사용하여 우세안을 결정한 후, 나안시력, 굴절검사, 안압 등을 측정하였다. 결과: 우세안의 나안시력은 평균 0.41, 비우세안은 0.39이었으며, 우세안이 더 좋은 경우가 18명, 나쁜 경우가 18명이었다. 근시의 양은 우세안이 평균 -3.2, 비우세안이 -3.43디옵터로 유의한 차이가 없었고, 우세안이 비우세안보다 근시의 양이 더 많은 경우는 24명, 적은 경우는 32명이었다. 우세안의 난시정도가 비우세안보다 적은 경우가 35명(56%)으로 난시가 적은 쪽이 우세안이 되는 경우가 유의하게 많았다(P=0.0014). 안압은 우세안이 15.4 mmHg, 비우세안이 15.7 mmHg으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론: 근시성 난시 환자의 경우 우세안에서 난시가 적었다. 우세안이 비우세안에 비해 근시의 진행 정도가 크다는 과거의 주장은 더욱 많은 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: To evaluate differences between dominant and non-dominant eyes through analyzing refractive factors in determination of the dominant eye. Methods: Sixty-two subjects without underlying ocular disease were recruited. Ocular dominance was determined using the hole-in-the-card test. Uncorrected visual acuity, refractive error, and intraocular pressure (IOP) were checked in both eyes. Results: Mean uncorrected visual acuity of the dominant and non-dominant eye were 0.41 and 0.39, respectively. The number of patients whose uncorrected visual acuity of the dominant eye was superior to the non-dominant eye was 18(29%), and inferior to the non-dominant eye was 18(29%). Mean refractive power in the dominant eye was -3.2 diopter and -3.43 diopter degrees in the non-dominant eye, therefore no difference in degrees of myopia between the groups (P=0.282) was observed. The number of patients whose dominant eye had a greater degree of myopia than the non-dominant eye was 24(39%) and the patients with a lower degree of myopia in the dominant eye was 32(52%). Astigmatism of the dominant eye was lower than the non-dominant eye in 35(56%) of the patients, thus a significant relationship was shown between astigmatism and the dominant eye (P=0.0014). The mean IOP of the dominant eye was 15.4 mmHg and the non-dominant eye was 15.7 mmHg, showing no significant difference between eyes. Conclusions: The dominant eye showed a lower degree of astigmatism than the non-dominant eye. The previous belief that myopia is more progressed in the dominant eye than the non-dominant eye because of excessive accommodative use of the dominant eye requires further study. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2009;50(2):275-279