Sulforaphane and Total Phenolics Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Radish according to Genotype and Cultivation Location with Different Altitudes

Sulforaphane (SFN) and total phenolics (TPC) contents and antioxidant activity (AA) were analyzed from 13 radish genotypes (Rhaphanus sativus L.), cultivated at 3 locations with different altitudes (Gangneung: asl 5 m, Jinbu: asl 550 m, and Daegwallyeong: asl 750 m). SFN varied greatly from 0.1 to 120.5 ㎍ㆍg-¹ in dry weight test and was significantly affected by location (P less-than or equal to 0.001), genotype (P less-than or equal to 0.001) and location×genotype interaction (P less-than or equal to 0.01). Radishes, cultivated at Daegwallyeong site, showed higher SFN than those of other locations. Among different genotypes, the root of 'Black radish' and leaves of 'Purunmu' of Daegwallyeong had the highest SFN (107.8 and 120.5 ㎍ㆍg-¹, respectively). TPC in root was affected by genotype (P less-than or equal to 0.001), and location×genotype interaction (P less-than or equal to 0.01), but not by location. In leaves, TPC was affected by location (P less-than or equal to 0.01), genotype (P less-than or equal to 0.001), and location×genotype interaction (P less-than or equal to 0.001). AA expressed as electron donating ability was significantly influenced by location, genotype and location×genotype interaction and correlated positively with TPC (Pearson's r=0.897) in root. These results suggest that radish could be a good source of functional food and high altitude location such as Daegwallyeong has potential for the production of radish with high content of health promoting factors.