배추김치 섭취와 대사증후군 발생률과의 관련성 : 한국인유전체역학조사사업의 10년 추적조사 결과

Purpose: This study examined the associations of Korean fermented cabbage kimchi consumption with the incidence risk of metabolic syndrome and its components in Korean adults. Methods: We used the community-based cohort data from the 2001 ~ 2012 Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES). General characteristics, food group frequencies and nutrient intakes at baseline from 3,560 healthy individuals aged 40 ~ 69 years and the incidence of metabolic syndrome and its component from 2,259 participants, after excluding the data with incomplete anthropometric and blood test, during 10-year follow-up were analyzed. The participants were classified into three groups according to their daily consumption frequency of Korean fermented cabbage kimchi: 'less than once (< 1/day)', 'once or twice (1 ~ 2/day)', and 'three times (3/day)'. Results: After controlling for potential confounders such as age, education, income, residence area, alcohol drinking and energy intake, the consumption frequencies of rice and legumes were significantly higher, and the consumption frequency of meat was significantly lower in the 3/day group compared to that of the other two groups in men and women. The average intakes of energy and most nutrients, except fat and cholesterol, were higher in the 3/day group compared to those of the other two groups in men and women. Frequent consumption of kimchi was associated with a lower incidence of metabolic syndrome in all the models (unadjusted, age-adjusted, and multivariable-adjusted models) in women. When examining the multivariable-adjusted model, the hazard ratio for metabolic syndrome was 0.63 (95% CI: 0.47 ~ 0.86) for the 3/day group compared to that of the < 1/day group in women. However, there was no significant association between kimchi consumption and the incidence of metabolic syndrome in men. Conclusion: Our results show that consumption of kimchi at every meal was significantly associated with a lower incidence of metabolic syndrome in women. 본 연구에서는 한국인유전체역학조사사업에서 수집한 2001 ~ 2002년 기반조사 자료로부터 건강한 한국 성인 3,560명의 배추김치 섭취빈도에 따른 일반적 특성, 식품군 섭취빈도와 영양소 섭취량을 분석하였고, 이들 중 2,259명을 대상으로 10년 추적조사에서 대사증후군과 그 구성 요소의 발생률 위험도를 분석하였다. 기반조사에서의 배추 김치 섭취빈도에 따라 1일 기준으로 '1회 미만 섭취군', '1 ~ 2회 섭취군', '3회 섭취군'으로 대상자를 분류하였으며, 세 집단 간 성별에 따른 유의적인 차이는 없었고, 남녀 모두 연령, 교육수준, 소득수준, 거주지역에서 유의적인 차이가 있었다. 배추김치 섭취빈도에 따라 식품군 섭취빈도는 연령, 교육수준, 소득수준, 거주지역, 음주여부와 에너지 섭취량으로 보정한 후 남녀 모두에서 3회 섭취군의 밥류와 두류의 섭취빈도가 다른 두 군의 섭취빈도보다 높았으며, 육류의 섭취빈도는 낮았다. 배추김치 섭취빈도가 높을수록 남녀 모두 에너지 섭취량이 많았으