Thunderstorm Cloud Localization Algorithm and Performance Analysis of a Three-Dimensional Atmospheric Electric Field Apparatus

In order to accurately obtain the location of thunderstorm cloud and improve the accuracy and stability of thunderstorm cloud localization, a thunderstorm cloud localization algorithm of a three-dimensional atmospheric electric field apparatus is proposed. An electric field measurement model is established, and the localization parameters are defined based on the model. According to the theory of mirror method, the potential distribution of the thunderstorm cloud at the atmospheric electric field apparatus is obtained. Using the potential distribution formula, the three-dimensional electric field components are derived and the thunderstorm cloud coordinates are obtained. The relationship between the electric field component measurement error, the azimuth angle, the elevation angle and the ranging and direction-finding accuracy is given, and the localization performance is analyzed. The results show that the method has a ranging error rate of about 5% and a direction-finding error rate of about 3%, which has a good localization effect.