Effects of cross-sectional aspect ratio of V-shaped ribs and blockage ratio on heat transfer in a channel at a low Reynolds number

V-shaped ribs were investigated with the objective of enhancing heat transfer at the high-temperature side of a fin-plate type heat exchanger used in a railway vehicle compressor. The high-temperature side supplied with compressed air has a Reynolds number of approximately 4000, which is not sufficiently high to generate strong turbulence. When a 3D printer is used to fabricate a heat exchanger, the cross-sectional aspect ratio or blockage ratio of the ribs should be greater than the optimum value in order to attain a certain value of strength. In this study, a series of numerical analyses were conducted to investigate whether increasing the aspect ratio or the blockage ratio was more advantageous for achieving high heat transfer. Ribs with cross-sectional aspect ratios ranging from 0.3 to 5 were investigated. The investigated blocking ratios were 0.1 and 0.3. The results of computational fluid dynamics calculations were used to investigate the influences of flow separation–reattachment, secondary flow, and turbulence on heat transfer. The results demonstrated that the introduction of V-shaped ribs with a high blockage ratio into the channel at a low Reynolds number resulted in greater heat transfer enhancement compared with the effect of introducing ribs with a high cross-sectional aspect ratio.