Improved reutilization of industrial crude lysine to 1,5-diaminopentane by enzymatic decarboxylation using various detergents and organic solvents

World-wide production of l -lysine has rapidly increased in recent years. In the industrial scale production, it is cost effective to minimize waste as many waste materials are generated during downstream processing. Therefore, the conversion of crude lysine to a more valuable product reduces waste emission. In this study, 1,5-diaminopentane (DAP, trivial name: cadaverine) was produced by l -lysine decarboxylation using Hafnia alvei . The conditions of enzymatic reaction were determined. In particular, the addition of specific detergent (Brij 56) was significantly affected in the bioconversion system. Addition of hydrophobic organic solvent improved the mixing of the reactants. Finally, an industrial crude form of lysine served as a substrate. The DAP conversion by analytical, feed and industrial crude l -lysine was 93.9%, 90.3%, and 63.8%, respectively.