Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of fresh garlic and aged garlic by-products extracted with different solvents

This study aims to investigate antioxidative and antibacterial properties of fresh garlic (non-aged, NG) and aged garlic (AG) by-products extracted with distilled water, ethanol, or chloroform. To determine their antioxidative and antibacterial capacities, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay, 2,2′-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assay, and H 2 O 2 radical scavenging activity, Fe 2+ chelating activity, total ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and disc diffusion tests were performed. Total phenol and flavonoid contents from distilled water extract of AG were significantly higher than those of NG. DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, and H 2 O 2 scavenging activities of distilled water extract of AG were higher than those of NG. However, Fe 2+ chelating activities of ethanol and chloroform extracts were higher than those of distilled water extracts for both NG and AG. Antibacterial effects of AG were higher than those of NG. In conclusion, aged garlic showed more potent antioxidant and antibacterial effects than fresh garlic.