Mathematical modelling of sustainable wastewater reuse networks considering CO2 emissions

Water resource management poses a challenge in the process industry because a large amount of water must be used, even when prices increase. Companies struggle to minimize consumption by reusing wastewater, and the resulting water-reuse-network problem has been actively investigated. With the rising impact of global climate change, it is necessary to develop a sustainable methodology to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the process industry. This paper proposes a mathematical model for sustainable water reuse networks that explicitly considers CO 2 emissions. To construct a sustainable network, emissions due to the construction and operation of the water network and additional water demand due to CO 2 capture facilities are incorporated. Actual case studies of steel manufacturing processes and eco-industrial parks are presented to illustrate the applicability of the model.