서울지역 생활환경주변의 공기 중 석면분포 특성에 관한 연구

This study is purposed to evaluate the airborne asbestos concentrations in life environment surroundings in Seoul. In study, we investigated airborne asbestos concentrations in thirteen subway stations, four monitoring networks and each vicinity roadside, six stream surroundings, four tunnels quarterly and we also investigated relationship between the airborne asbestos concentrations and ambient temperature in monitoring networks and time-based airborne asbestos concentration variability for two typical monitoring networks, two subway stations transferred and used by lots of people through Phase Contrast Microscopy (PCM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The airborne asbestos concentrations by PCM for 4 objects of study were less than the detection limit (7 fiber/$mm^2$) in 111 (50%) out of 223 samples. The highest concentration was 0.0130 f/cc. But additional TEM analysis result for samples exceeding the guideline value for indoor air quality (0.01 f/cc) proposed by the Ministry of Environment (Korea), no asbestos was detected. Similarly TEM analysis result for 124 samples, no asbestos was detected. The average airborne asbestos concentrations by PCM in subway stations, monitoring networks, streams and tunnels were $0.0041{\pm}0.0027$ f/cc, $0.0015{\pm}0.0011$ f/cc, $0.0024{\pm}0.0012$ f/cc and $0.0016{\pm}0.0020$ f/cc. All objects of study were satisfied with the guideline value for indoor air quality. The relationship between the airborne asbestos concentrations and ambient temperature in monitoring networks was generally positive correlation (r = 0.660). The higher ambient temperature was and the more transient population was, the airborne asbestos concentrations by time for two subway stations were increased. While the airborne asbestos concentrations for two monitoring networks showed no variation pattern according to time. 본 연구에서는 서울지역 생활환경주변의 공기 중 석면농도 실태를 조사하기 위해서 PCM과 TEM을 이용하여 분기별로 지하철역사 13개소, 서울지역 대기측정소 4개소 및 각각의 인근 도로변 지역 1개소, 하천 6개소의 석재 주변, 주요 서울시내 터널 4개소 등에서 공기 중 석면농도를 측정하였다. 또한 일반대기 중 석면농도와 대표적 기후인자인 온도와의 상관성을 살펴보았으며, 기존 측정지점 중 비교적 많은 시민들이 이용하거나 환승이 되는 지하철역사 2개소와 대표적 대기측정소 2개소를 측정대상으로 시간대별 석면농도 변화추이를 파악하였다. PCM 분석결과, 전체 223개 시료 중 111개 시료에서(50%) 검출한계(7 fiber/$mm^2$) 이하로 나타났으며, 이 중 최대값은 0.0130 f/cc로 나타나는 등 일부시료에서 관리기준을 초과하였지만 TEM법을 이용한 추가분석 결과, 모두 불검출로 나타났다. 또한 TEM 분석결과, 124개 모든 시료에서 석면이 검출되지 않았다. 지하철역사, 서울지역 대기측정소 및 각각의 인근 도로변 지역, 하천 석재 주변, 터널에서의 평균농도는 각각 $0.0041{\pm}0.0027$ f/cc, $0.0015{\pm}0.0011$ f/cc, $0.0024{\pm}0.0012$ f/cc,