좌식습관과 신체활동 수준이 아동청소년의 척추 및 골반변형에 미치는 영향

PURPOSE: This study investigated the association between the modifiable risk factors and spinal deformations in children. METHODS: Children (152 boys, 153 girls) were recruited to participate in the study. Physical activity level, sitting time, and posture were assessed with a questionnaire. Spinal parameters such as scoliosis angle (SA), pelvic oblique (PO), and pelvic torsion (PT) were measured with the Formetric 4D. Children were classified as uncrossed and cross-legged sitting groups according to postures, as sedentary, moderately-active, and highly-active groups according to physical activity levels, and as low, mid, and high groups according to sitting time. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of pelvic deformations. RESULTS: Children with cross-legged sitting posture had significantly higher values in SA and PO than children with uncrossed sitting posture. Significant differences in SA, PO, and PT were found between the activity-based subgroups and a significant difference in PT between the sitting time-based subgroups. Compared with uncrossed sitting children (reference, OR=1), cross-legged sitting children had a significantly risk (OR=3.153, 95% CI=1.707-5.822) of PO deformation. Compared with highly active children (reference, OR=1), sedentary children had a significantly higher risk (OR=4.115, 95% CI=1.496-11.321) of PO deformation. In addition, moderately-active and sedentary children had significantly higher risks (OR=3.987 and 95% CI=2.044-7.777 and OR=5.806 and 95% CI=2.675-12.601, respectively) of PT deformation as compared with highly-active children (reference, OR=1). CONCLUSIONS: The current findings suggest that crossed-legged sitting posture and decreased physical activity are two of modifiable risk factors for spinal deformations in children.